Problem: Given the following passage  "According to Ethnologue, the lexical similarity between Catalan and other Romance languages is: 87% with Italian; 85% with Portuguese; 80% with Spanish; 76% with Ladin; 75% with Sardinian; and 73% with Romanian.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: Which language overlaps Catalan the least, Spanish or Ladin?

A: Ladin


Problem: Given the following passage  "The term heartwood derives solely from its position and not from any vital importance to the tree. This is evidenced by the fact that a tree can thrive with its heart completely decayed. Some species begin to form heartwood very early in life, so having only a thin layer of live sapwood, while in others the change comes slowly. Thin sapwood is characteristic of such species as chestnut, black locust, mulberry, osage-orange, and sassafras, while in maple, ash, hickory, hackberry, beech, and pine, thick sapwood is the rule. Others never form heartwood.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: If a tree is not listed in the text, what can be said of their heartwood?

A: never form heartwood


Problem: Given the following passage  "Thus, the technological ability to detect any infectious agent rapidly and specifically are currently available. The only remaining blockades to the use of PCR as a standard tool of diagnosis are in its cost and application, neither of which is insurmountable. The diagnosis of a few diseases will not benefit from the development of PCR methods, such as some of the clostridial diseases (tetanus and botulism). These diseases are fundamentally biological poisonings by relatively small numbers of infectious bacteria that produce extremely potent neurotoxins. A significant proliferation of the infectious agent does not occur, this limits the ability of PCR to detect the presence of any bacteria.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: Why don't the diagnoses of some diseases benefit from PCR?

A: A significant proliferation of the infectious agent does not occur


Problem: Given the following passage  "Organized crime has long been associated with New York City, beginning with the Forty Thieves and the Roach Guards in the Five Points in the 1820s. The 20th century saw a rise in the Mafia, dominated by the Five Families, as well as in gangs, including the Black Spades. The Mafia presence has declined in the city in the 21st century.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: Which century preceded the 21st century?

A:
20th century