[Q]: Given the following passage  "In some rare cases, such as with Ethiopia and Qing Dynasty China, the local governments were able to use the treaties to at least mitigate the impact of European colonization. This involved learning the intricacies of European diplomatic customs and then using the treaties to prevent a power from overstepping their agreement or by playing different powers against each other.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: Who was invasive?
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[A]: European


[Q]: Given the following passage  "Under German control, and even before then, Japanese traders and fishermen from time to time visited the Marshall Islands, although contact with the islanders was irregular. After the Meiji Restoration (1868), the Japanese government adopted a policy of turning the Japanese Empire into a great economic and military power in East Asia.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: German or Japanese, who was not restored in 1868?
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[A]: German


[Q]: Given the following passage  "The Zipingpu Hydropower Plant (simplified Chinese: 紫坪铺水库; traditional Chinese: 紫坪鋪水庫) located 20 km east of the epicenter was damaged. A recent inspection indicated that the damage was less severe than initially feared, and it remains structurally stable and safe. The Tulong reservoir upstream is in danger of collapse. About 2,000 troops have been allocated to Zipingpu, trying to release the pressure through spillway. In total, 391 dams, most of them small, were reported damaged by the quake.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: Beavers are keystone species that create what to protect against predators?
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[A]: dams


[Q]: Given the following passage  "Theravadin Buddhists believe that personal effort is required to realize rebirth. Monks follow the vinaya: meditating, teaching and serving their lay communities. Laypersons can perform good actions, producing merit.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: Why do monks meditate?
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[A]:
to realize rebirth