Problem: Given the question: Given the following passage  "In a course at the LSA summer institute in 1991, Alan Prince and Paul Smolensky developed optimality theory—an overall architecture for phonology according to which languages choose a pronunciation of a word that best satisfies a list of constraints ordered by importance; a lower-ranked constraint can be violated when the violation is necessary in order to obey a higher-ranked constraint. The approach was soon extended to morphology by John McCarthy and Alan Prince, and has become a dominant trend in phonology. The appeal to phonetic grounding of constraints and representational elements (e.g. features) in various approaches has been criticized by proponents of 'substance-free phonology', especially Mark Hale and Charles Reiss.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: Which of the following people is not a proponent of 'substance-free phonology:' Mark Hale, Alan Prince or Charles Reiss?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The answer is:
Alan Prince


Problem: Given the question: Given the following passage  "Specific concerns include a compounded inability for the Air Force to replace its aging fleet, and an overall reduction of strength and readiness. The USAF attempted to make these adjustments by primarily cutting the Air National Guard and Air Force Reserve aircraft fleets and their associated manpower, but Congress reversed this initiative and the majority of the lost manpower will come from the active forces. However, Congress did allow for $208 million of reprogramming from fleet modernization to enable some portion of the third of the grounded fleet to resume operations.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: What was a major causation factor of the Air Force replacing its aging fleet?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The answer is:
an overall reduction of strength and readiness


Problem: Given the question: Given the following passage  "By 1847, the couple had found the palace too small for court life and their growing family, and consequently the new wing, designed by Edward Blore, was built by Thomas Cubitt, enclosing the central quadrangle. The large East Front, facing The Mall, is today the "public face" of Buckingham Palace, and contains the balcony from which the royal family acknowledge the crowds on momentous occasions and after the annual Trooping the Colour. The ballroom wing and a further suite of state rooms were also built in this period, designed by Nash's student Sir James Pennethorne.",  answer the following question. Note that the answer is present within the text.  Question: Who needed to expand the palace?
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
The answer is:
growing family