instruction:
In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
question:
Context: Central (also Central District) is the central business district of Hong Kong. It is located in Central and Western District, on the north shore of Hong Kong Island, across Victoria Harbour from Tsim Sha Tsui, the southernmost point of Kowloon Peninsula. The area was the heart of Victoria City, although that name is rarely used today., Hong Kong, officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory on the Pearl River Delta of East Asia. Macau lies across the delta to the west, and the Chinese province of Guangdong borders the territory to the north. With a total land area of and a population of over 7.3 million of various nationalities, it ranks as the world's fourth most densely populated sovereign state or territory., The Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) is a liberal political party in Republic of China (Taiwan), and the dominant party in the Pan-Green Coalition. It is currently the majority ruling party, controlling both the presidency and the unicameral Legislative Yuan., Hang Lung Group ( SEHK : 10 ) , established in 1960 , is a private company listed company in Hong Kong , engaging in property development for sales and leasing , car park management , property management , and dry cleaning businesses . Its subsidiary Hang Lung Properties is one of the largest property developers in Hong Kong , which also invests in the Mainland China market ., World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier. It involved the vast majority of the world's nationsincluding all of the great powerseventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis. It was the most widespread war in history, and directly involved more than 100 million people from over 30 countries. In a state of "total war", the major participants threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, erasing the distinction between civilian and military resources. Marked by mass deaths of civilians, including the Holocaust (in which approximately 11 million people were killed) and the strategic bombing of industrial and population centres (in which approximately one million were killed, and which included the atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki), it resulted in an estimated 50 million to 85 million fatalities. These made World War II the deadliest conflict in human history., Macau (literally: "Bay Gate"), (in Portuguese, which is still widely used in the city) also spelled Macao (in English), officially the Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China, is an autonomous territory on the western side of the Pearl River Delta in East Asia. Macau is bordered by the city of Zhuhai in China to the North and the Pearl River Estuary to the East and South. Hong Kong lies about to its East across the Delta. With a population of 650,900 living in an area of , it is the most densely populated region in the world., The Taiwan Strait, or Formosa Strait, is a wide strait separating the island of Taiwan (of the Republic of China) from mainland China (People's Republic of China). The strait is part of the South China Sea and connects to the East China Sea to the north. The narrowest part is wide., The Standard Chartered Bank Building is a skyscraper located in the Central district of Hong Kong. The tower rises 42 floors and in height. The building was completed in 1990. It was designed by architectural firm P & T Architects & Engineers Ltd.. The Standard Chartered Bank Building, which stands as the 85th-tallest building in Hong Kong, is composed entirely of commercial office space., Hainan is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China, consisting of various islands in the South China Sea. , separated from Guangdong's Leizhou Peninsula by the Qiongzhou Strait, is the largest island under PRC control (Taiwan, which is slightly larger, is also claimed but not controlled by the PRC) and makes up the majority of the province. The province has an area of , with Hainan Island making up (97%) and the rest divided among two hundred islands scattered across three archipelagos. It was administered as part of Guangdong until 1988, when it became a separate province; around the same time, it was made the largest Special Economic Zone established by Deng Xiaoping as part of the Opening Up of China. There are a total of ten major cities and ten counties in Hainan Province. Haikou on the northern coast of Hainan Island is the capital while Sanya is a well-known tourist destination on the southern coast. The other major cities are Wenchang, Qionghai, Wanning, Wuzhishan, Dongfang, and Danzhou., Hang Lung Properties, formerly Amoy Properties and parented by Hang Lung Group, is a Hong Kong real estate company. It is a member of Hang Seng Index Constituent Stocks (blue chip) and is headquartered in the Standard Chartered Bank Building, Central, Hong Kong., The Chinese Civil War was a civil war in China fought between forces loyal to the Kuomintang (KMT)-led government of the Republic of China, and forces loyal to the Communist Party of China (CPC). The war began in August 1927, with Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek's Northern Expedition, and essentially ended when major hostilities ceased in 1950. It can generally be divided into two stages; the first being from 1927 to 1937, and the second being from 1946 to 1950 with the Second Sino-Japanese War separating them. The war was a major turning point in modern Chinese history, with the CPC gaining control of almost the entirety of Mainland China, establishing the People's Republic of China (PRC) to replace the KMT's Republic of China (ROC). It also caused a lasting political and military standoff between the two sides of the Taiwan Strait, with the ROC in Taiwan and the PRC in mainland China both officially claiming to be the legitimate government of all of China., Mainland China, also known as the Chinese mainland or simply the mainland, is the geopolitical area under the direct jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China (PRC). It generally excludes the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau; however, it usually includes Hainan. The term "mainland China", which avoids calling the area simply "China" and thereby recognizing the founding of the PRC as "the" "China", was coined by the Kuomintang (KMT) after receiving control of Taiwan from Japan after World War II. By 1949, the KMT-led Republic of China (ROC) government was defeated in the Chinese Civil War in mainland China and fled to the island of Taiwan where the KMT pledged to "retake the Mainland". The KMT considers both sides of the Taiwan Strait (including Taiwan), as (one) "China" and one country, whereas Taiwan's Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) considers only mainland China as "China" and Taiwan (ROC) as "Taiwan" and maintains that they are different countries., Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia. Neighbors include China (officially the People's Republic of China, abbreviated as PRC) to the west, Japan to the northeast, and the Philippines to the south.
Taiwan is the most populous state that is not a member of the United Nations, and the one with the largest economy., Subject: hang lung group, Relation: headquarters_location, Options: (A) asia (B) central (C) global (D) green (E) guangdong (F) haikou (G) hiroshima (H) hong kong (I) hong kong island (J) japan (K) macau (L) philippines (M) standard chartered bank building (N) taiwan
answer:
hong kong island


question:
Context: The Treaty of Versailles was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end. The Treaty ended the state of war between Germany and the Allied Powers. It was signed on 28 June 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. The other Central Powers on the German side of World War I signed separate treaties. Although the armistice, signed on 11 November 1918, ended the actual fighting, it took six months of Allied negotiations at the Paris Peace Conference to conclude the peace treaty. The treaty was registered by the Secretariat of the League of Nations on 21 October 1919., Fritz Tarnow ( April 13 , 1880 , Bad Oeynhausen , Province of Westphalia - October 23 , 1951 ) was an important Social Democrat trade unionists and Reichstag deputy during the Weimar Republic . Tarnow was the son of a carpenter and attended elementary school in Hanover , where he also became a carpenter 's apprentice . He then became a journeyman and traveled throughout Germany . He worked until 1906 as a carpenter , and in the years 1901 to 1906 , he was also a board member of the Rastatt , Oos , Bonn and Berlin branches of the Wood Workers Association . Then he worked until 1908 as a literary and statistical assistant in the main office of the Wood Workers Association in Stuttgart . In 1909 , he graduated from the central school of the Social Democratic Party ( SPD ) in Berlin . From 1909 to 1919 , Tarnow was then head of the Literary Agents ( Press Office ) in the main office of the Wood Workers Association in Berlin . In addition , from 1909 to 1915 , he was a community representative , a member of the district assembly and a board member of the SPD in Berlin - Friedrichshagen . Tarnow fought in the First World War and was severely wounded , causing lasting injury . During the November Revolution , Tarnow was a member of the Workers and Soldiers Council in Brandenburg an der Havel . He became secretary of the Wood Workers Association , later serving as chairman from 1920 to 1933 . He was one of the leading figures in the national executive of the Allgemeiner Deutscher Gewerkschaftsbund , a German trade union confederation . In the latter half of the 1920s , he was one of the main proponents of Fritz Naphtali 's concept of economic democracy . He was briefly secretary of the International Woodworkers Association . In addition , from 1920 to 1933 , he was a member of the provisional Reichswirtschaftsrat . He was also the leader of the Society for Social Reform and German Werkbund . In 1928 , he joined the Reichstag as a member for the SPD . After Adolf Hitler 's rise to power in early 1933 and the dismantling of the trade unions , Tarnow was arrested on 2 May . Hans Staudinger , who had been a State Secretary in the Prussian Ministry of Trade until the Preußenschlag , succeeded in obtaining Tarnow 's release from Gestapo custody . Staudinger impersonated a senior Prussian officer and ordered Tarnow 's release . After his release , he immediately left the country , and fled first to the Netherlands , then Denmark and finally , Sweden . There , he tried to rebuild the trade unions in exile . He returned to West Germany in 1946 and was the secretary of the Württemberg and Baden Trade Union Confederation in 1946 and 1947 . From 1947 to 1949 , he was secretary of the union council of Bizone and then the Trizone . He retired in 1949 , but continued as a lecturer at the Academy of work in Frankfurt ., Weimar Republic is an unofficial, historical designation for the German state between 1919 and 1933. The name derives from the city of Weimar, where its constitutional assembly first took place. The official name of the state was still "Deutsches Reich"; it had remained unchanged since 1871. In English the country was usually known simply as Germany.
A national assembly was convened in Weimar, where a new constitution for the "Deutsches Reich" was written, and adopted on 11 August 1919. In its fourteen years, the Weimar Republic faced numerous problems, including hyperinflation, political extremism (with paramilitaries  both left- and right-wing); and contentious relationships with the victors of the First World War. The people of Germany blamed the Weimar Republic rather than their wartime leaders for the country's defeat and for the humiliating terms of the Treaty of Versailles. However, the Weimar Republic government successfully reformed the currency, unified tax policies, and organized the railway system. Weimar Germany eliminated most of the requirements of the Treaty of Versailles; it never completely met its disarmament requirements, and eventually paid only a small portion of the war reparations (by twice restructuring its debt through the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan). Under the Locarno Treaties, Germany accepted the western borders of the republic, but continued to dispute the Eastern border., The Dawes Plan (as proposed by the Dawes Committee, chaired by Charles G. Dawes) was an attempt in 1924 to solve the World War I reparations problem, which had bedeviled international politics following World War I and the Treaty of Versailles., The Free State of Prussia was a German state formed after the abolition of the Kingdom of Prussia in the aftermath of the First World War. It was the major state of the German Reich during the time of the Weimar Republic, comprising almost (62.5%) of its territory and population. "Free state" is another German term for "republic" that was coined in contrast to the Latin word, which was associated with the enemy France in the minds of many Germans of that time., The Locarno Treaties were seven agreements negotiated at Locarno, Switzerland, on 516 October 1925 and formally signed in London on 1 December, in which the First World War Western European Allied powers and the new states of Central and Eastern Europe sought to secure the post-war territorial settlement, and return normalizing relations with defeated Germany (which was, by this time, the Weimar Republic). Ratifications for the Locarno treaties were exchanged in Geneva on 14 September 1926, and on the same day they became effective. The treaties were also registered in the "League of Nations Treaty Series" on the same day.It also stated that Germany would never go to war with the other countries. , Bad Oeynhausen (Low German: Bad Öinusen) is a spa town on the southern edge of the Wiehengebirge in the district of Minden-Lübbecke in the East-Westphalia-Lippe region of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. The closest larger towns are Bielefeld (39 kilometres southwest) and Hanover (80 km east), The Province of Westphalia was a province of the Kingdom of Prussia and the Free State of Prussia from 1815 to 1946., Hanover or Hannover, on the River Leine, is the capital and largest city of the German state of Lower Saxony ("Niedersachsen"), and was once by personal union the family seat of the Hanoverian Kings of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, under their title as the dukes of Brunswick-Lüneburg (later described as the Elector of Hanover). At the end of the Napoleonic Wars, the Electorate was enlarged to become a Kingdom with Hanover as its capital., The Young Plan was a program for settling German reparations debts after World War I written in 1929 and formally adopted in 1930. It was presented by the committee headed (192930) by American industrialist Owen D. Young, creator and ex-first chairman of the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), who, at the time, concurrently served at board of trustees of the Rockefeller Foundation, and also had been one of the representatives involved in previous war reparations restructuring arrangement  Dawes Plan of 1924. The Inter-Allied Reparations Commission established the German reparation sum at a theoretical total of 132 billion, but a practical total of 50 billion gold marks. After the Dawes Plan was put into operation in 1924, it became apparent that Germany would not willingly meet the annual payments over an indefinite period of time. The Young Plan reduced further payments by about 20 percent. Although the theoretical total was 112 billion Gold Marks, equivalent to US $8 billion in 1929 (US$ billion in 2017) over a period of 58 years, which would end in 1988, few expected the plan to last for much more than a decade. In addition, the Young Plan divided the annual payment, set at two billion Gold Marks, US $473 million, into two components: one unconditional part, equal to one third of the sum, and a postponable part, equal to the remaining two-thirds, which would incur interest and be financed by a consortium of American investment banks coordinated by J.P. Morgan & Co., Subject: fritz tarnow, Relation: conflict, Options: (A) napoleonic wars (B) world war (C) world war i
answer:
world war i


question:
Context: Londinium was a settlement established on the current site of the City of London around  43. Its bridge over the River Thames turned the city into a road nexus and major port, serving as a major commercial centre in Roman Britain until its abandonment during the 5th century., The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally. It was founded by Arthur B. Sleigh in 1855 as "The Daily Telegraph and Courier"., Surrey is a county in the south east of England and also one of the home counties bordering Greater London. Surrey shares borders with Kent to the east, East Sussex to the south-east, West Sussex to the south, Hampshire to the west and south-west and Berkshire to the north-west. The county town is Guildford. Surrey County Council sits extraterritorially at Kingston upon Thames, administered as part of Greater London since 1965. With a resident population of 1.1 million, Surrey is the most densely populated and third most populated county in the South East region, after Kent and Hampshire., England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west. The Irish Sea lies northwest of England and the Celtic Sea lies to the southwest. England is separated from continental Europe by the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south. The country covers five-eighths of the island of Great Britain (which lies in the North Atlantic) in its centre and south; and includes over 100 smaller islands such as the Isles of Scilly, and the Isle of Wight., The Mayor of London is an elected politician who, along with the London Assembly of 25 members, is accountable for the strategic government of Greater London. The current mayor is Sadiq Khan, who took up office on 9 May 2016. The position had been held by Ken Livingstone from the creation of the role on 4 May 2000 until he was defeated in 2008 by Boris Johnson, who served two terms before being succeeded by Khan., Policy Exchange is a British centre - right think tank , created in 2002 and based in London . The Daily Telegraph has described it as `` the largest , but also the most influential think tank on the right '' . Policy Exchange has been addressed by members of the Labour Governments of Tony Blair ( 1997 - 2007 ) and Gordon Brown ( 2007 - 2010 ) , such as John Hutton , Peter Mandelson , Alan Milburn , David Lammy , Frank Field , Jim Murphy and Andrew Adonis , and by members of the Conservative - Liberal Democrat Coalition Government of David Cameron ( 2010 - 2015 ) , such as Chris Skidmore , Charlotte Leslie and Jesse Norman , as well as by many non party - political figures . The New Statesman named it as David Cameron 's `` favourite think tank '' , a view shared by the Political Editor of the Evening Standard Joe Murphy , who referred to it as `` the intellectual boot camp of the Tory modernisers '' '' . Its alumni include Anthony Browne , one of London Mayor Boris Johnson 's policy directors , and a number of the Conservative 2010 intake of MPs , including Nick Boles , Jesse Norman , Chris Skidmore and Charlotte Leslie . It describes itself as seeking localist , volunteer and free market solutions to public policy problems , with research programmes covering health , education , energy and environment , crime and justice , welfare , housing policy , family policy and security . It works with academics and policy advisors across the political spectrum , and members of its advisory councils include Lord Trimble , Peter Clarke , former Head of the Metropolitan Police Counter Terrorism Command , James Cameron , Executive Director of Climate Change Capital , and Simon Stevens , former health advisor to Tony Blair . Policy Exchange hosts regular events and debates with key individuals including academics , journalists , MPs and Ministers . The Annual Colin Cramphorn Memorial Lecture , has been delivered by speakers such as Sir Ian Blair , Charles Farr and General David Petraeus . Policy Exchange authors have included former government advisor Professor Dieter Helm , economist Robert Shiller , author and broadcaster Bill Bryson , historian and journalist Anna Reid , and former Financial Times journalist John Willman . Policy Exchange is a registered charity ., The River Thames is a river that flows through southern England. At , it is the longest river entirely in England and the second longest in the United Kingdom, after the River Severn. It also flows through Oxford (where it is called Isis), Reading, Henley-on-Thames and Windsor. The lower reaches of the river are called the Tideway, derived from its long tidal reach up to Teddington Lock. It rises at Thames Head in Gloucestershire, and flows into the North Sea via the Thames Estuary. The Thames drains the whole of Greater London. , The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency., The City of London is a city and county within London. It constituted most of London from its settlement by the Romans in the 1st century AD to the Middle Ages, but the agglomeration has since grown far beyond the City's borders. The City is now only a tiny part of the metropolis of London, though it remains a notable part of central London. Administratively, it forms one of the 33 local authority districts of Greater London; however, the City of London is not a London borough, a status reserved for the other 32 districts (including London's only other city, the City of Westminster). , The London Assembly is an elected body, part of the Greater London Authority, that scrutinises the activities of the Mayor of London and has the power, with a two-thirds majority, to amend the Mayor's annual budget and to reject the Mayor's draft statutory strategies. The assembly was established in 2000 and meets at City Hall on the South Bank of the River Thames, close to Tower Bridge. The assembly is also able to investigate other issues of importance to Londoners (transport, environmental matters, etc.), publish its findings and recommendations, and make proposals to the Mayor., Canada (French: ) is a country in the northern half of North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic to the Pacific and northward into the Arctic Ocean, covering , making it the world's second-largest country by total area and the fourth-largest country by land area. Canada's border with the United States is the world's longest land border. The majority of the country has a cold or severely cold winter climate, but southerly areas are warm in summer. Canada is sparsely populated, the majority of its land territory being dominated by forest and tundra and the Rocky Mountains. About four-fifths of the country's population of 36 million people is urbanized and live near the southern border. Its capital is Ottawa, its largest city is Toronto; other major urban areas include Montreal, Vancouver, Calgary, Edmonton, Quebec City, Winnipeg and Hamilton., Colonel Arthur B. Sleigh, also known as Burrowes Willcocks Arthur Sleigh (1821, Montreal-1869, Chelsea) was a Canadian-born British army officer, travel writer and the original founder of the British newspaper "The Daily Telegraph"., The Telegraph Media Group (TMG, previously the Telegraph Group) is the proprietor of "The Daily Telegraph" and "The Sunday Telegraph". It is a subsidiary of Press Holdings. David and Frederick Barclay acquired the group in July 2004, after months of intense bidding and lawsuits, from Hollinger Inc. of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, the newspaper group controlled by the Canadian-born British businessman Conrad Black., Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties. It borders Greater London to the north west, Surrey to the west, East Sussex to the south west, and Essex across the Thames Estuary to the north. The county town is Maidstone. , Advocacy is an activity by an individual or group which aims to influence decisions within political, economic, and social systems and institutions. Advocacy can include many activities that a person or organization undertakes including media campaigns, public speaking, commissioning and publishing research or conducting exit poll or the filing of an amicus brief. Lobbying (often by lobby groups) is a form of advocacy where a direct approach is made to legislators on an issue which plays a significant role in modern politics. Research has started to address how advocacy groups in the United States and Canada are using social media to facilitate civic engagement and collective action., The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain, is a sovereign country in western Europe. Lying off the north-western coast of the European mainland, it includes the island of Great Britain (the name of which is also loosely applied to the whole country), the north-eastern part of the island of Ireland, and many smaller islands. Northern Ireland is the only part of the UK that shares a land border with another sovereign statethe Republic of Ireland. Apart from this land border, the UK is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean, with the North Sea to its east, the English Channel to its south and the Celtic Sea to its south-south-west, giving it the 12th-longest coastline in the world. The Irish Sea lies between Great Britain and Ireland. With an area of , the UK is the 78th-largest sovereign state in the world and the 11th-largest in Europe. It is also the 21st-most populous country, with an estimated 65.1 million inhabitants. Together, this makes it the fourth most densely populated country in the European Union., Middlesex (abbreviation: Middx) was a county in southeast England that is now mostly part of Greater London, with small sections in neighbouring counties. It was established in the Anglo-Saxon system from the territory of the Middle Saxons, and existed as an official unit until 1965. The historic county included land stretching north of the River Thames from east to west of the City of London with the rivers Colne and Lea and a ridge of hills as the other boundaries. The largely low-lying county, dominated by clay in its north and alluvium on gravel in its south, was the second smallest by area in 1831., A think tank, policy institute, or research institute is an organization that performs research and advocacy concerning topics such as social policy, political strategy, economics, military, technology, and culture. Most policy institutes are non-profit organizations, which some countries such as the United States and Canada provide with tax exempt status. Other think tanks are funded by governments, advocacy groups, or businesses, or derive revenue from consulting or research work related to their projects., London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom, as well as the most populous city proper in the European Union. Standing on the River Thames in the south east of the island of Great Britain, London has been a major settlement for two millennia. It was founded by the Romans, who named it "Londinium". London's ancient core, the City of London, largely retains its medieval boundaries. Since at least the 19th century, "London" has also referred to the metropolis around this core, historically split between Middlesex, Essex, Surrey, Kent, and Hertfordshire, which today largely makes up Greater London, governed by the Mayor of London and the London Assembly., Hertfordshire (often abbreviated Herts) is a county in southern England, bordered by Bedfordshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Essex to the east, Buckinghamshire to the west and Greater London to the south. For government statistical purposes, it is placed in the East of England region., Great Britain, also known as Britain , is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe. With an area of , Great Britain is the largest European island and the ninth-largest in the world. In 2011 the island had a population of about 61 million people, making it the world's third-most populous island after Java in Indonesia and Honshu in Japan. The island of Ireland is situated to the west of it, and together these islands, along with over 1,000 smaller surrounding islands, comprise the British Isles archipelago., Subject: policy exchange, Relation: headquarters_location, Options: (A) address (B) calgary (C) canada (D) central (E) central london (F) chelsea (G) city of westminster (H) east sussex (I) edmonton (J) england (K) europe (L) forest (M) great britain (N) greater london (O) hampshire (P) hertfordshire (Q) ireland (R) isles of scilly (S) kent (T) kingston (U) london (V) media (W) middlesex (X) montreal (Y) quebec (Z) quebec city ([) scotland (\) south bank (]) south east england (^) surrey (_) toronto (`) united kingdom (a) wales (b) west sussex (c) westminster (d) windsor
answer:
westminster