input question: Information:  - In continuum mechanics the macroscopic velocity, also flow velocity in fluid dynamics or drift velocity in electromagnetism, is a vector field which is used to mathematically describe the motion of a continuum. The length of the flow velocity vector is the flow speed and is a scalar.  - In fluid dynamics, laminar flow (or streamline flow) occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption between the layers. At low velocities, the fluid tends to flow without lateral mixing, and adjacent layers slide past one another like playing cards. There are no cross-currents perpendicular to the direction of flow, nor eddies or swirls of fluids. In laminar flow, the motion of the particles of the fluid is very orderly with particles close to a solid surface moving in straight lines parallel to that surface. Laminar flow is a flow regime characterized by high momentum diffusion and low momentum convection.  - In physics, fluid dynamics is a subdiscipline of fluid mechanics that deals with fluid flowthe science of fluids (liquids and gases) in motion. It has several subdisciplines itself, including aerodynamics (the study of air and other gases in motion) and hydrodynamics (the study of liquids in motion). Fluid dynamics has a wide range of applications, including calculating forces and moments on aircraft, determining the mass flow rate of petroleum through pipelines, predicting weather patterns, understanding nebulae in interstellar space and modelling fission weapon detonation. Some of its principles are even used in traffic engineering, where traffic is treated as a continuous fluid, and crowd dynamics.   - Turbulence modeling is the construction and use of a model to predict the effects of turbulence . A turbulent fluid flow has features on many different length scales , which all interact with each other . A common approach is to average the governing equations of the flow , in order to focus on large - scale and non-fluctuating features of the flow . However , the effects of the small scales and fluctuating parts must be modelled .  - FLUID (Fast Light User Interface Designer) is a graphical editor and GUI builder that is used to produce FLTK source code. FLUID edits and saves its state in text .fl files, which can be edited in a text editor for finer control over display and behavior.  - Turbulence or turbulent flow is a flow regime in fluid dynamics characterized by chaotic changes in pressure and flow velocity. It is in contrast to a laminar flow regime, which occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption between those layers.    Given the paragraphs above, decide what entity has the relation 'part of' with 'fluid dynamics'.???
output answer: turbulence modeling

input question: Information:  - St James Holdings Limited is a company set up by tycoon Mike Ashley , specifically to acquire shares of Newcastle United Football Club . The company name is a reference to St James ' Park , the stadium of Newcastle United .  - St. James' Park is an all-seater stadium in Newcastle upon Tyne, England. It is the home of Championship club Newcastle United F.C. and has a seating capacity of 52,405.  - Seating capacity is the number of people who can be seated in a specific space, in terms of both the physical space available, and limitations set by law. Seating capacity can be used in the description of anything ranging from an automobile that seats two to a stadium that seats hundreds of thousands of people. The largest sporting venue in the world, the Indianapolis Motor Speedway, has a permanent seating capacity for more than 235,000 people and infield seating that raises capacity to an approximate 400,000.  - Newcastle upon Tyne, commonly known as Newcastle, is a city in Tyne and Wear, North East England, 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London on the northern bank of the River Tyne, from the North Sea. Newcastle is the most populous city in the North East and forms the core of Tyneside conurbation, the eighth most populous urban area in the United Kingdom. Newcastle is a member of the English Core Cities Group and is a member of the Eurocities network of European cities. Newcastle was part of the county of Northumberland until 1400, when it became a county of itself, a status it retained until becoming part of Tyne and Wear in 1974. The regional nickname and dialect for people from Newcastle and the surrounding area is Geordie. Newcastle also houses Newcastle University, a member of the Russell Group, as well as Northumbria University.  - An all-seater stadium is a sports stadium in which every spectator has a seat. This is commonplace in association football stadiums in nations such as the United Kingdom, Spain, and the Netherlands. Most association football (soccer), American football stadiums in the United States and Canadian Football League stadiums in Canada are all-seaters, as are most baseball and track and field stadiums in those countries. A stadium that is not an all-seater has areas for attendees holding standing-room only tickets to stand and view the proceedings. Such standing areas were known as "terraces" in Britain. Stands with only terraces used to dominate the football attendance in the UK. For instance, the "South Bank Stand" behind the southern goal at Molineux Stadium, Wolverhampton, home of Wolverhampton Wanderers F.C., had a maximum of 32,000 standing attenders, while the rest of the stadium hosted a little bit less than that (total maximum attendance was around 59,000).  - Newcastle United Football Club is an English professional association football club based in Newcastle upon Tyne. Following the club's most recent relegation from the top-flight during the 201516 season, Newcastle returned to the Football League's 2nd tier, the Championship, for the 201617 campaign. Newcastle United was founded in 1892 by the merger of Newcastle East End and Newcastle West End, and has played at its current home ground, St James' Park, ever since. The ground was developed into an all-seater stadium in the mid-1990s and now has a capacity of 52,354. The club has been a member of the Premier League for all but three years of the competition's history, and has never dropped below English football's second tier since joining the Football League in 1893.    Given the paragraphs above, decide what entity has the relation 'headquarters location' with 'newcastle upon tyne'.???
output answer:
st james holdings