Information:  - , abbreviated as media (and sometimes as OAV, original animated video), are animated films and series made specially for release in home video formats without prior showings on television or in theatres, though the first part of an OVA series may be broadcast for promotional purposes. OVA titles were originally made available on VHS, later becoming more popular on LaserDisc and eventually DVD. Starting in 2008, the term OAD (original animation DVD) began to refer to DVD releases published bundled with their source-material manga.  - The history of comics has followed different paths in different cultures. Scholars have posited a pre-history as far back as the Lascaux cave paintings. By the mid-20th century, comics flourished particularly in the United States, western Europe (especially in France and Belgium), and Japan. The history of European comics is often traced to Rodolphe Töpffer's cartoon strips of the 1830s, and became popular following the success in the 1930s of strips and books such as "The Adventures of Tintin". American comics emerged as a mass medium in the early 20th century with the advent of newspaper comic strips; magazine-style comic books followed in the 1930s, in which the superhero genre became prominent after Superman appeared in 1938. Histories of Japanese comics and cartooning ("") propose origins as early as the 12th century. Modern comic strips emerged in Japan in the early 20th century, and the output of comics magazines and books rapidly expanded in the post-World War II era with the popularity of cartoonists such as Osamu Tezuka. had a lowbrow reputation for much of its history, but towards the end of the 20th century began to find greater acceptance with the public and in academia.  - Adult Swim is a programming block of the American cable network Cartoon Network that operates at night from 8:00 p.m. to 6:00 a.m., Eastern and Pacific Time. It is programmed by Williams Street Productions, a subsidiary of Turner, which also developed two prior television programming blocks seen on Cartoon Network: Toonami (which later became a block on Adult Swim in 2012) and Miguzi. The name comes from a phrase used by public swimming pools in the United States to label designated times when children are restricted from using the facilities in favor of adults.  - Yukiru Sugisaki (   Sugisaki Yukiru , born December 26 , 1974 ) is a Japanese manga artist . She has created numerous manga in several demographics , but is perhaps best known for creating the seinen series The Candidate for Goddess and the shjo series D.N.Angel .  - The term "manga" (kanji: ; hiragana: ; katakana:  or ) in Japan is a word used to refer to both comics and cartooning. "Manga" as a term used outside Japan refers to comics originally published in Japan.  - Magazines published. "Wink Up".  is an idol magazine published since July 1988.  - Madman Entertainment is an Australian company that distributes Australian and foreign films as well as Japanese anime and manga in Australia, New Zealand, and Papua New Guinea. Madman is one of the major entertainment companies in Australia. It employs approx 100 people and has an annual turnover of around A$50 million. Its headquarters is in Richmond, Victoria.  - Hongo originally worked at Ajiado as an animator but moved to Shin-Ei Animation where he directed "Crayon Shin-chan". He left in 1996 and went on to direct "Immortal Grand Prix", "Outlaw Star", "Reideen", "Shamanic Princess", and "The Candidate for Goddess". He also directed and wrote the screenplay for the feature film "".  - The earliest commercial Japanese animation dates to 1917, and production of anime works in Japan has since continued to increase steadily. The characteristic anime art style emerged in the 1960s with the works of Osamu Tezuka and spread internationally in the late twentieth century, developing a large domestic and international audience. Anime is distributed theatrically, by television broadcasts, directly to home media, and over the Internet. It is classified into numerous genres targeting diverse broad and niche audiences.  - Cartoon Network is an American basic cable and satellite television channel that operates daily from 6:00 AM to 8:00 PM (ET/PT) and is owned by Time Warner through the Turner Broadcasting System subsidiary. It was launched on October 1, 1992.   - "The Candidate for Goddess" was serialized in the monthly Wani Books magazine "Comic Gum". A total of 26 chapters were collected in five "tankbon" (volumes) and released between 1997 and 2001. The manga was later translated into English and published in North America by Tokyopop and in Australian and New Zealand by Madman Entertainment. "The Candidate for Goddess" was adapted into a 12-episode anime series directed by Mitsuru Hongo and produced by Xebec, a subsidiary of Production I.G. The adaptation aired on Japan's NHK BS2 satellite channel in early 2000. The anime series, entitled Pilot Candidate for its North American release, was broadcast briefly on Cartoon Network's Adult Swim block in 2002. An original video animation (OVA), serving as a thirteenth episode, was released in Japan in 2002, though it was not localized for North America.    Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'date of birth' with the subject 'yukiru sugisaki'.  Choices: - 1  - 100  - 12  - 1917  - 1938  - 1996  - 1997  - 2000  - 2001  - 2008  - 50  - 6  - 8  - july 1988
2000

Information:  - Helicoidea is a taxonomic superfamily of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the clade Stylommatophora.  - Stylommatophora is a taxon of air-breathing land snails and slugs, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. This taxon is considered to be a clade. It used to be regarded as an infraorder (also sometimes was considered to be an order). This taxon includes the majority of land snails and slugs.  - Sagdidae is a family of air - breathing land snails , terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks with highest diversity in the Greater Antilles . It has been classified in its own superfamily Sagdoidea and as a member of the superfamily Helicoidea . Some species of Sagdidae are ovoviviparous .  - Snail is a common name that is applied most often to land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs. However, the common name "snail" is also applied to most of the members of the molluscan class Gastropoda that have a coiled shell that is large enough for the animal to retract completely into. When the word "snail" is used in this most general sense, it includes not just land snails but also thousands of species of sea snails and freshwater snails. Occasionally a few other molluscs that are not actually gastropods, such as the Monoplacophora, which superficially resemble small limpets, may also informally be referred to as "snails".    Given the information above, choose from the list below the object entity that exhibits the relation 'parent taxon' with the subject 'sagdidae'.  Choices: - gastropoda  - helicoidea  - stylommatophora
stylommatophora