Information:  - ChemDraw is a molecule editor first developed in 1985 by David A. Evans and Stewart Rubenstein (later by the cheminformatics company CambridgeSoft). The company was sold to PerkinElmer in the year 2011. ChemDraw, along with Chem3D and ChemFinder, is part of the ChemOffice suite of programs and is available for Macintosh and Microsoft Windows. A simplified, touch optimized version for the iPad was released in late 2013.  - CDX is a binary file type created by CambridgeSoft Corporation 's ChemDraw chemical structure application . CDXML is the XML and preferred version of this format .  - PerkinElmer, Inc., is an American multinational corporation focused in the business areas of human and environmental health, including: environmental analysis, food and consumer product safety, medical imaging, drug discovery, diagnostics, biotechnology, industrial applications, and life science research. PerkinElmer produces analytical instruments, genetic testing and diagnostic tools, medical imaging components, software, instruments, and consumables for multiple end markets.  - CDXML is the XML analogue of the binary CDX file type used by CambridgeSoft Corporation's ChemDraw chemical structure application. It is considered to be the preferred format for future development.  - The Macintosh (; (branded as Mac since 1998) is a series of personal computers (PCs) designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. Steve Jobs introduced the original Macintosh computer on January 10, 1984. This was the company's first mass-market personal computer featuring an integral graphical user interface and mouse. This first model was later renamed to "Macintosh 128k" for uniqueness amongst a populous family of subsequently updated models which are also based on Apple's same proprietary architecture. Since 1998, Apple has largely phased out the Macintosh name in favor of "Mac", and the product family has been nicknamed "Mac" or "the Mac" since the development of the first model.  - Microsoft Windows (or simply Windows) is a metafamily of graphical operating systems developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft. It consists of several families of operating systems, each of which cater to a certain sector of the computing industry with the OS typically associated with IBM PC compatible architecture. Active Windows families include Windows NT, Windows Embedded and Windows Phone; these may encompass subfamilies, e.g. Windows Embedded Compact (Windows CE) or Windows Server. Defunct Windows families include Windows 9x; Windows 10 Mobile is an active product, unrelated to the defunct family Windows Mobile.    After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'cdx format' exhibits the relationship of 'developer'. Find the answer from the choices below.  Choices: - apple inc .  - microsoft  - perkinelmer
perkinelmer

Information:  - The Commissioner for Humanitarian Aid and Civil Protection is a member of the European Commission . The post is currently held by Christos Stylianides . The portfolio deals with the distribution of aid ; the European Commission is the largest supplier of humanitarian aid in the world .  - The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.  - The European Court of Justice (ECJ), officially just the Court of Justice, is the highest court in the European Union in matters of European Union law. As a part of the Court of Justice of the European Union it is tasked with interpreting EU law and ensuring its equal application across all EU member states. The Court was established in 1952 and is based in Luxembourg. It is composed of one judge per member state  currently 28  although it normally hears cases in panels of three, five or 15 judges. The court has been led by president Koen Lenaerts since 2015.  - The European Commission (EC) is an institution of the European Union, responsible for proposing legislation, implementing decisions, upholding the EU treaties and managing the day-to-day business of the EU. Commissioners swear an oath at the European Court of Justice in Luxembourg, pledging to respect the treaties and to be completely independent in carrying out their duties during their mandate.    After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'european commissioner for humanitarian aid and civil protection' exhibits the relationship of 'applies to jurisdiction'. Find the answer from the choices below.  Choices: - europe  - european union
european union