Information:  - The Czech Republic, also known by the short name Czechia, is a nation state in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast. The Czech Republic covers an area of with mostly temperate continental climate and oceanic climate. It is a unitary parliamentary republic, has 10.5 million inhabitants and the capital and largest city is Prague, with over 1.2 million residents. The Czech Republic includes the historical territories of Bohemia, Moravia, and Czech Silesia.  - The Council of Constance is the 15th century ecumenical council recognized by the Roman Catholic Church, held from 1414 to 1418. The council ended the Western Schism, by deposing or accepting the resignation of the remaining papal claimants and electing Pope Martin V.  - The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe. It has an area of , and an estimated population of over 510 million. The EU has developed an internal single market through a standardised system of laws that apply in all member states. EU policies aim to ensure the free movement of people, goods, services, and capital within the internal market, enact legislation in justice and home affairs, and maintain common policies on trade, agriculture, fisheries, and regional development. Within the Schengen Area, passport controls have been abolished. A monetary union was established in 1999 and came into full force in 2002, and is composed of 19 EU member states which use the euro currency.  - Charles University, known also as Charles University in Prague  is the oldest and largest university in the Czech Republic. Founded in 1348, it was the first university in Central Europe. It is one of the oldest universities in Europe in continuous operation and ranks in the upper 1.5 percent of the worlds best universities.  - Pope Martin V (January/February 1369  20 February 1431), born Otto (or Oddone) Colonna, was Pope from 11 November 1417 to his death in 1431. His election effectively ended the Western Schism (13781417).  - Jerome of Prague ( Jeroným Pražský in Czech , 1379 -- 30 May 1416 ) was a Czech church reformer and one of the chief followers of Jan Hus who was burned for heresy at the Council of Constance . He is often called Hieronymus the Latin form of his first name .  - Jan Hus ( 6 July 1415), often referred to in English as John Hus or John Huss, was a Czech priest, philosopher, Master at Charles University in Prague, church reformer and a key predecessor to Protestantism.  - Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. It is the 14th largest city in the European Union. It is also the historical capital of Bohemia. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.26 million people, while its larger urban zone is estimated to have a population of nearly 2 million. The city has a temperate climate, with warm summers and chilly winters.  - The Western Schism or Papal Schism was a split within the Catholic Church which lasted from 1378 to 1417. Three men simultaneously claimed to be the true pope. Driven by politics rather than any theological disagreement, the schism was ended by the Council of Constance (14141418). For a time these rival claims to the papal throne damaged the reputation of the office. The affair is sometimes referred to as the Great Schism, although this term is typically reserved for the EastWest Schism (1054) between the Western Churches answering to the See of Rome and the Orthodox Churches of the East.    After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'jerome of prague' exhibits the relationship of 'date of birth'. Find the answer from the choices below.  Choices: - 1  - 10  - 1348  - 1369  - 1378  - 1414  - 1415  - 1417  - 1418  - 1431  - 5  - 510  - 6
1378

Information:  - My Ladye Nevells Booke ( British Library MS Mus . 1591 ) is a music manuscript containing keyboard pieces by the English composer William Byrd , and , together with the Fitzwilliam Virginal Book , one of the most important collections of keyboard music of the renaissance .  - A harpsichord is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard. It produces sound by plucking a string when a key is pressed.  - The virginals or virginal is a keyboard instrument of the harpsichord family. It was popular in Europe during the late Renaissance and early baroque periods.  - William Byrd (birth date variously given as c.1539/40 or 1543  4 July 1623, by the Julian calendar, 14 July 1623, by the Gregorian calendar) was an English composer of the Renaissance. He wrote in many of the forms current in England at the time, including various types of sacred and secular polyphony, keyboard (the so-called Virginalist school), and consort music. He produced sacred music for use in Anglican services, although he himself became a Roman Catholic in later life and wrote Catholic sacred music as well.  - A keyboard instrument is a musical instrument played using a keyboard. The most common of these are the piano, organ, and various electronic keyboards, including synthesizers and digital pianos. Other keyboard instruments include celestas, which are struck idiophones operated by a keyboard, and carillons, which are usually housed in bell towers or belfries of churches or municipal buildings.  - Virginalist denotes a composer of the so-called virginalist school, and usually refers to the English keyboard composers of the late Tudor and early Jacobean periods. The term does not appear to have been applied earlier than the 19th century. Although the virginals was among the most popular keyboard instruments of this period, there is no evidence that the composers wrote exclusively for this instrument, and their music is equally suited to the harpsichord, the clavichord or the chamber organ.  - The Fitzwilliam Virginal Book is a primary source of keyboard music from the late Elizabethan and early Jacobean periods in England, i.e., the late Renaissance and very early Baroque. It takes its name from Viscount Fitzwilliam who bequeathed this manuscript collection to Cambridge University in 1816. It is now deposited in the Fitzwilliam Museum at Cambridge. Although the word virginals or virginal (the plural form does not necessarily denote more than one instrument) is used today to refer to a specific instrument similar to a small, portable harpsichord, at the time of the book the word was used to denote virtually any keyboard instrument including the organ. History. It was given no title by its copyist and the ownership of the manuscript before the eighteenth century is unclear. At the time the "Fitzwilliam Virginal Book" was put together most collections of keyboard music were compiled by performers: other examples include "Will Forster's Virginal Book", "Clement Matchett's Virginal Book", and "Anne Cromwell's Virginal Book". Until "Parthenia" was printed in about 1612, there was no keyboard music published as such in England, because of the technical complexity of printing keyboard music as opposed to, for example, vocal parts.    After reading the paragraphs above, we are interested in knowing the entity with which 'my ladye nevells booke' exhibits the relationship of 'instrumentation'. Find the answer from the choices below.  Choices: - harpsichord  - keyboard instrument  - organ
harpsichord