TASK DEFINITION: In this task, you are given a context, a subject, a relation, and many options. Based on the context, from the options select the object entity that has the given relation with the subject. Answer with text (not indexes).
PROBLEM: Context: A lava field, also called a lava plain or lava bed, is a large expanse of nearly flat-lying lava flows. Such features are generally composed of highly fluid basalt lava, and can extend for tens or even hundreds of miles across the underlying terrain. The extent of large lava fields is most readily grasped from the air or in satellite photos, where their typically dark, nearly black color contrasts sharply with the rest of the landscape.
According to the US Geological Survey, monogenetic volcanic fields are collections of cinder cones, and/or Maar vents and associated lava flows and pyroclastic deposits. Sometimes a stratovolcano
is at the center of the field, as at the San Francisco Volcanic Field in Arizona. Monogenetic volcano fields have systematic growth patterns that suggest they represent single magmatic systems in the same way that stratovolcanoes do, but monogenetic volcanoes grow laterally rather than vertically (Wood and Shoan, 1984). Detailed mapping indicates that some cinder cones in monogenetic fields (e.g., Cima, California, and Timber Mountain Volcanic Field, Nevada) may have had multiple eruptions separated by tens to hundreds of thousands of years (Wells, et al., 1989). Thus, some monogenetic cones may actually be polygenetic. This possibility differs from observations of historic eruptions (Wood, 1979), and is physically difficult to understand because cinder cone conduits are narrow and must solidify within a few years of eruption. Nonetheless, such multiple eruptions appear to have happened at least twice: Other cinder cones need to be closely reexamined., Kiev or Kyiv is the capital and largest city of Ukraine, located in the north central part of the country on the Dnieper River. The population in July 2015 was (though higher estimated numbers have been cited in the press), making Kiev the 7th most populous city in Europe., "Wild Dances" is a single by Ukrainian singer-songwriter Ruslana. The song won the Eurovision Song Contest 2004 held in Turkey with an amount of 280 points. A Ukrainian version called "Dyki tantsi" was released in Russia and Ukraine., The Eurovision Song Contest 2005 was the 50th annual Eurovision Song Contest. The contest took place at the Palace of Sports in Kiev, Ukraine, following Ruslana's win in the 2004 Contest with the song "Wild Dances". The contest consisted of two shows: the semi-final and final, which took place on 19 and 21 May 2005, respectively. The shows were hosted by Maria Efrosinina and Pavlo Shylko. Thirty-nine countries participated, including the débuts of Bulgaria and Moldova and the return of Hungary, which was last represented in 1998., The Republic of Iceland, "Lýðveldið Ísland" in Icelandic, is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic Ocean. It has a population of and an area of , making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe. The capital and largest city is Reykjavík. Reykjavík and the surrounding areas in the southwest of the country are home to over two-thirds of the population. Iceland is volcanically and geologically active. The interior consists of a plateau characterised by sand and lava fields, mountains and glaciers, while many glacial rivers flow to the sea through the lowlands. Iceland is warmed by the Gulf Stream and has a temperate climate, despite a high latitude just outside the Arctic Circle. Its high latitude and marine influence still keeps summers chilly, with most of the archipelago having a tundra climate., The Eurovision Song Contest, sometimes popularly called Eurovision but not to be confused with the Eurovision network that broadcasts it, is the longest-running annual international TV song competition, held, primarily, among the member countries of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) since 1956. The competition was based upon the existing Sanremo Music Festival held in Italy since 1951., Maria "Masha" Efrosinina, (born 25 May 1979 in Kerch), is a Ukrainian television host., Ukraine (tr. ) is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast, Belarus to the northwest, Poland and Slovakia to the west, Hungary, Romania, and Moldova to the southwest, and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively. Ukraine is currently in territorial dispute with Russia over the Crimean Peninsula which Russia annexed in 2014 but which Ukraine and most of the international community recognise as Ukrainian. Including Crimea, Ukraine has an area of , making it the largest country entirely within Europe and the 46th largest country in the world. It has a population of about 44.5 million, making it the 32nd most populous country in the world., `` If I Had Your Love '' was the Icelandic entry in the Eurovision Song Contest 2005 , performed in English by Selma . The song is an up - tempo dance number , with Selma singing about what she would do `` If I had your love '' . She claims that it would inspire her above all other things . The song was criticised after the Contest for being somewhat musically confusing , as it featured a number of tempo and key changes in unusual places ., Subject: if i had your love, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) 25 (B) area (C) broadcasting (D) capital (E) city (F) community (G) country (H) eurovision song contest (I) festival (J) italy (K) july (L) may (M) member (N) nine (O) palace (P) part (Q) population (R) river (S) sea (T) single (U) song (V) state

SOLUTION: single

PROBLEM: Context: The biological family Canidae  The cat-like feliforms and dog-like caniforms emerged within the Carnivoramorpha 43 million years before present. The caniforms included the fox-like "Leptocyon" genus whose various species existed from 34 million years before present before branching 11.9 million YBP into Vulpini (foxes) and Canini (canines).  Canids are found on all continents except Antarctica, having arrived independently or accompanied human beings over extended periods of time. Canids vary in size from the 2-m-long (6 ft 7 in) gray wolf to the 24-cm-long (9.4 in) fennec fox. The body forms of canids are similar, typically having long muzzles, upright ears, teeth adapted for cracking bones and slicing flesh, long legs, and bushy tails. They are mostly social animals, living together in family units or small groups and behaving cooperatively. Typically, only the dominant pair in a group breeds, and a litter of young is reared annually in an underground den. Canids communicate by scent signals and by vocalizations. They are very intelligent. One canid, the domestic dog, long ago entered into a partnership with humans and today remains one of the most widely kept domestic animals., Roman Stanisaw Dmowski (9 August 1864  2 January 1939) was a Polish politician, statesman, and co-founder and chief ideologue of the right-wing National Democracy ("ND": in Polish, ""Endecja"") political movement. He saw the aggressive Germanization of Polish territories controlled by the German Empire as the major threat to Polish culture and therefore advocated a degree of accommodation with another power that had partitioned Poland, the Russian Empire. He favored the re-establishment of Polish independence by nonviolent means, and supported policies favorable to the Polish middle class. During World War I, in Paris, through his Polish National Committee he was a prominent spokesman, to the Allies, for Polish aspirations. He was a principal figure instrumental in the postwar restoration of Poland's independent existence., National Democracy (also known from its abbreviation ND as "Endecja") was a Polish political movement active from the second half of the 19th century under the foreign partitions of the country until the end of the Second Polish Republic.<ref name="Szukaa/Hall"></ref> It ceased to exist after the Nazi-Soviet invasion of Poland of 1939. In its long history, National Democracy went through several stages of development. Created with the intention of promoting the fight for Poland's sovereignty against the repressive imperial regimes, the movement acquired its right-wing nationalist character following the return to independence. A founder and principal ideologue was Roman Dmowski. Other ideological fathers of the movement included Zygmunt Balicki and Jan Ludwik Popawski., League and Self - Defense ( Polish : Liga i Samoobrona , LiS -- lis also means fox in Polish ) was the proposed name for a new Polish political grouping which was to arise from an alliance or merger between the left - wing populist Self - Defense of the Republic of Poland ( SORP ) and the national conservative Christian right League of Polish Families ( LPR ) in July 2007 . However , the merger failed to materialise , and LiS did n't go anywhere beyond the stage of a proposal . The decision for the synthesis of the two parties arose following a crisis within Poland 's ruling three party coalition , of the dominant Law and Justice ( PiS ) party , and junior partners SORP and LPR . On 9 July , SORP leader , Andrzej Lepper , was dismissed from his position as Minister for Agriculture following a secret investigation by the Central Anticorruption Bureau ( CBA ) which attempted to link him and his department to corruptive practices . Lepper protested his innocence and claimed to have been the victim of a politically motivated ' sting ' operation , initiated by PM Kaczynski and PiS . He demanded that a parliamentary inquiry be conducted to investigate the legality and motivation of the CBA operation mounted against him . Lepper 's stance drew him support from his own SORP party and the LPR . On 16 July 2007 , a merger of the two parties was announced at a press conference conducted by Lepper and his LPR counterpart , Roman Giertych . The nature of this new ' LiS ' was not made clear , and the leaders could not give any specifics as to whether LiS would take the form of a newly unified party or simply an electoral alliance of two autonomous parties . It was indicated however , that the platform of this new alliance would be mainly eurosceptic and anti-reformist . By early September it was clear that LiS would not arise . The membership of the two parties had not been properly consulted as to their support for this idea , and the merits of the proposition had not been discussed . Many of the members of both groups saw little common ground between the two parties . Furthermore , opinion polls did not necessarily reflect that there was a significant advantage to an alliance . LPR and SORP therefore decided to start independently of each other at the early 21 October legislative elections . LPR joined forces with Real Politics Union and Right of the Republic to form a new alliance called League of the Right of the Republic ( Liga Prawicy Rzeczypospolitej ) ., Mammals are any vertebrates within the class Mammalia (from Latin "mamma" "breast"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles and birds by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones and mammary glands. The sister group of mammals may be the extinct "Haldanodon." The mammals represent the only living Synapsida, which together with the Sauropsida form the Amniota clade. The mammals consist of the Yinotheria including monotrema and the Theriiformes including the theria., The tail is the section at the rear end of an animal's body; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso. It is the part of the body that corresponds roughly to the sacrum and coccyx in mammals, reptiles, and birds. While tails are primarily a feature of vertebrates, some invertebrates including scorpions and springtails, as well as snails and slugs, have tail-like appendages that are sometimes referred to as tails. Tailed objects are sometimes referred to as "caudate" and the part of the body associated with or proximal to the tail are given the adjective "caudal"., The domestic dog ("Canis lupus familiaris" or "Canis familiaris") is a member of genus "Canis" (canines) that forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant carnivore. The dog and the extant gray wolf are sister taxa, with modern wolves not closely related to the wolves that were first domesticated. The dog was the first domesticated species and has been selectively bred over millennia for various behaviors, sensory capabilities, and physical attributes., Foxes are small-to-medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. Foxes are slightly smaller than a medium-size domestic dog, with a flattened skull, upright triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail (or "brush")., A snout is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw. In many animals the equivalent structure is called a muzzle, rostrum or proboscis. The wet, naked surface around the nostrils of the nose of some animals is known as the rhinarium (colloquially this is the "cold wet nose" of some animals). The rhinarium is often associated with a stronger sense of olfaction. The snout is considered a weak point on most animals: because of its structure, an animal can be easily stunned, snapped or even knocked out by applying sufficient force., Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe, situated between the Baltic Sea in the north and two mountain ranges (the Sudetes and Carpathian Mountains) in the south. Bordered by Germany to the west; the Czech Republic and Slovakia to the south; Ukraine and Belarus to the east; and the Baltic Sea, Kaliningrad Oblast (a Russian exclave) and Lithuania to the north. The total area of Poland is , making it the 69th largest country in the world and the 9th largest in Europe. With a population of over 38.5 million people, Poland is the 34th most populous country in the world, the 8th most populous country in Europe and the sixth most populous member of the European Union. Poland is a unitary state divided into 16 administrative subdivisions, and its capital and largest city is Warsaw. Other metropolises include Kraków, Wrocaw, Pozna, Gdask and Szczecin., Roman Jacek Giertych (born 27 February 1971 in rem, Poland) is a Polish politician; he was Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Education until August 2007. He was a member of the Sejm (the lower house of the Polish parliament) from 2001 until October 2007 and the chairman of the League of Polish Families party., Christian right or religious right is a term used mainly in the United States to label right-wing Christian political factions that are characterized by their strong support of socially conservative policies. Christian conservatives principally seek to apply their understanding of the teachings of Christianity to politics and to public policy by proclaiming the value of those teachings or by seeking to use those teachings to influence law and public policy., The League of Polish Families (Polish: "Liga Polskich Rodzin", LPR) is a nationalist conservative political party in Poland, part of the Catholic-National Movement and with many elements of far-right ideology. The party's original ideology was that of the national democracy movement which was headed by Roman Dmowski, however in 2006 its leader Roman Giertych distanced himself from that heritage., Subject: league and self-defense, Relation: instance_of, Options: (A) adjective (B) animal (C) august (D) brain (E) cat (F) century (G) christian (H) city (I) clade (J) class (K) committee (L) country (M) culture (N) democracy (O) dog (P) education (Q) empire (R) exclave (S) family (T) feature (U) february (V) fox (W) genus (X) gray wolf (Y) group (Z) hall ([) human (\) humans (]) ideology (^) instrumental (_) invasion (`) label (a) league (b) member (c) minister (d) mountain (e) name (f) part (g) point (h) political movement (i) political party (j) politics (k) population (l) public (m) region (n) republic (o) restoration (p) saw (q) sense (r) size (s) soviet (t) structure (u) surface (v) term (w) three (x) understanding (y) union (z) war ({) wing (|) world war

SOLUTION: political party

PROBLEM: Context: Vijay Raaz is an Indian film actor. His breakthrough came when he played the role of Dubeyji in the movie "Monsoon Wedding" in 2001. Raaz has been cast in small, often comedic roles in many Hindi movies, often depicting the character of a common man. In 2014, he debuted as a director with "Kya Dilli Kya Lahore"., Memsahab is a 2008 Bollywood drama film directed by Arshad Siddiqui . The film stars Yukta Mookhey and Vijay Raaz . Memsahab is a woman - oriented movie with a social message of non-violence . In Memsahab , Yukta has to be lauded for staged a comeback with a sincere effort . She has adorned a bold new look in this flick . Yukta admits that getting into the character of a prostitute was a bit tough and bold too but she portrayed it with honesty . Her idol is Shabana Azmi who played an award winning role of a prostitute in `` Mandi '' ., India, officially the Republic of India ("Bhrat Gaarjya"), is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country (with over 1.2 billion people), and the most populous democracy in the world. It is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west; China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast; and Myanmar (Burma) and Bangladesh to the east. In the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives. India's Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a maritime border with Thailand and Indonesia. Its capital is New Delhi; other metropolises include Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai, Bangalore, Hyderabad and Ahmedabad., Yukta Mookhey is an Indian actress, model and beauty queen. She was crowned Miss World 1999 in London., An actor (or actress for females; see terminology) is a person who portrays a character in a performance. The actor performs "in the flesh" in the traditional medium of the theatre, or in modern mediums such as film, radio, and television. The analogous Greek term is, literally "one who answers". The actor's interpretation of their role pertains to the role played, whether based on a real person or fictional character. Interpretation occurs even when the actor is "playing themselves", as in some forms of experimental performance art, or, more commonly; to act, is to create, a character in performance., Monsoon Wedding is a 2001 film directed by Mira Nair and written by Sabrina Dhawan, which depicts romantic entanglements during a traditional Punjabi Hindu wedding in Delhi. Writer Sabrina Dhawan wrote the first draft of the screenplay in a week while she was at Columbia University's MFA film program. "Monsoon Wedding" earned just above $30 million at the box office. Although it is set entirely in New Delhi, the film was an international co-production between companies in India, the United States, Italy, France, and Germany. , Subject: memsahab, Relation: original_language_of_work, Options: (A) greek (B) hindi (C) indonesia (D) punjabi

SOLUTION:
hindi