Information:  - A cultural critic is a critic of a given culture, usually as a whole and typically on a radical basis. There is significant overlap with social and cultural theory.  - Western philosophy is the philosophical thought and work of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture, beginning with Hellenic (i.e. Greek) philosophy of the Pre-Socratics such as Thales (c. 624  c. 546 BC) and Pythagoras (c. 570  c. 495 BC), and eventually covering a large area of the globe. The word "philosophy" itself originated from the Hellenic: "philosophia" (), literally, "the love of wisdom" ( "philein", "to love" and  "sophia", "wisdom").  - A philosopher is someone who practices philosophy, which involves rational inquiry into areas that are outside of either theology or science. The term "philosopher" comes from the Ancient Greek ("philosophos") meaning "lover of wisdom". The coining of the term has been attributed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras (6th century BC).  - A poet is a person who writes poetry. Poets may describe themselves as such or be described as such by others. A poet may simply be a writer of poetry, or may perform their art to an audience.  - The Übermensch (German for "Overman, Superman, Superhuman, Hyperman, Hyperhuman") is a concept in the philosophy of Friedrich Nietzsche. In his 1883 book "Thus Spoke Zarathustra", Nietzsche has his character Zarathustra posit the Übermensch as a goal for humanity to set for itself. It is a work of philosophical allegory, with a structural similarity to the Gathas of Zoroaster/Zarathustra.  - A polemic is contentious rhetoric that is intended to support a specific position. Polemics are mostly seen in arguments about controversial topics. The practice of such argumentation is called "polemics". A person who often writes polemics, or who speaks polemically, is called a "polemicist". The word is derived , .  - The Joyful Science ( German : Die fröhliche Wissenschaft ) is a book by Friedrich Nietzsche , first published in 1882 and followed by a second edition , which was published after the completion of Thus Spoke Zarathustra and Beyond Good and Evil , in 1887 . This substantial expansion includes a fifth book and an appendix of songs . It was noted by Nietzsche to be `` the most personal of all ( his ) books '' , and contains the greatest number of poems in any of his published works .  - Beyond Good and Evil: Prelude to a Philosophy of the Future is a book by philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche that expands the ideas of his previous work, "Thus Spoke Zarathustra", with a more critical and polemical approach. It was first published in 1886.  - The University of Basel (German: "Universität Basel") is located in Basel, Switzerland. Founded in 1460, it is Switzerlands oldest university and is counted among the leading institutions of the country.   - Thus Spoke Zarathustra: A Book for All and None (also translated as Thus Spake Zarathustra) is a philosophical novel by German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, composed in four parts between 1883 and 1885 and published between 1883 and 1891. Much of the work deals with ideas such as the "eternal recurrence of the same", the parable on the "death of God", and the "prophecy" of the "Übermensch", which were first introduced in "The Gay Science".  - Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (15 October 1844  25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, poet, philologist, and Latin and Greek scholar whose work has exerted a profound influence on Western philosophy and modern intellectual history. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869, at the age of 24. Nietzsche resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life, and he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and a complete loss of his mental faculties. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother (until her death in 1897), and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche, and died in 1900.  - History (from Greek , "historia", meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past as it is described in written documents. Events occurring before written record are considered prehistory. It is an umbrella term that relates to past events as well as the memory, discovery, collection, organization, presentation, and interpretation of information about these events. Scholars who write about history are called historians.    After reading the paragraphs above, choose the best answer for the entity that related to 'the gay science' with the relationship of 'genre'.  Choices: - book  - country  - culture  - history  - love  - novel  - parable  - philosophy  - poet  - polemic  - rhetoric  - science  - western  - wisdom
Answer:
philosophy