Given the question: Information:  - The Logicians or School of Names was a school of Chinese philosophy that grew out of Mohism during the Warring States period in 479221 BCE. It is also sometimes called the School of Forms and Names.  - China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary sovereign state in East Asia. With a population of over 1.381 billion, it is the world's most populous country. The state is governed by the Communist Party of China, and its capital is Beijing. It exercises jurisdiction over 22 provinces, five autonomous regions, four direct-controlled municipalities (Beijing, Tianjin, Shanghai, and Chongqing), and two mostly self-governing special administrative regions (Hong Kong and Macau), and claims sovereignty over Taiwan. The country's major urban areas include Shanghai, Guangzhou, Beijing, Chongqing, Shenzhen, Tianjin and Hong Kong. China is a great power and a major regional power within Asia, and has been characterized as a potential superpower.  - Gongsun Long ( simplified Chinese :  ; traditional Chinese :  ; pinyin : Gngsn Lóng ; Wade -- Giles : Kung1 - sun1 Lung2 , c. 325 -- 250 BC ) was a member of the School of Names ( Logicians ) of ancient Chinese philosophy . He also ran a school and enjoyed the support of rulers , and advocated peaceful means of resolving disputes in contrast to the wars which were common in the Warring States period . However , little is known about the particulars of his life , and furthermore many of his writings have been lost . All of his essays -- fourteen originally but only six extant -- are included in the anthology the Gongsun Longzi ( Chinese :  ; pinyin : Gngsn lóng zi ; Wade -- Giles : Kung - sun Lung - tzu ) . In Book 17 of the Zhuangzi anthology , Gongsun thus speaks of himself : When young , I studied the way of the former kings . When I grew up , I understood the practice of kindness and duty . I united the same and different , separated hard from white , made so the not - so and admissible the inadmissible . I confounded the wits of the hundred schools and exhausted the eloquence of countless speakers . I took myself to have reached the ultimate . He is best known for a series of paradoxes in the tradition of Hui Shi , including `` White horses are not horses , '' `` When no thing is not the pointed - out , to point out is not to point out , '' and `` There is no 1 in 2 . '' These paradoxes seem to suggest a similarity to the discovery in Greek philosophy that pure logic may lead to apparently absurd conclusions .  - The Qin dynasty was the first dynasty of Imperial China, lasting from 221 to 206 BC. Named for its heartland of Qin, in modern-day Gansu and Shaanxi, the dynasty was formed after the conquest of six other states by the Qin state, and its founding emperor named Qin Shi Huang, the First Emperor of Qin. The strength of the Qin state was greatly increased by the Legalist reforms of Shang Yang in the fourth century BC, during the Warring States period. In the mid and late third century BC, the Qin accomplished a series of swift conquests, first ending the powerless Zhou dynasty, and eventually conquering the other six of the Seven Warring States to gain control over the whole of China. It is also the shortest dynasty in Chinese history, lasting only 15 years with two emperors.  - Confucianism, also known as Ruism, is described as tradition, a philosophy, a religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, a way of governing, or simply a way of life. Confucianism developed from what was later called the Hundred Schools of Thought from the teachings of the Chinese philosopher Confucius (551479 BCE), who considered himself a retransmitter of the values of the Zhou dynasty golden age of several centuries before. In the Han dynasty (206 BCE  220 CE), Confucian approaches edged out the "proto-Taoist" Huang-Lao, as the official ideology while the emperors mixed both with the realist techniques of Legalism. The disintegration of the Han political order in the second century CE opened the way for the doctrines of Buddhism and Neo-Taoism, which offered spiritual explanations lacking in Confucianism.  - Chinese sovereign is the ruler of a particular period in ancient China. Several titles and naming schemes have been used throughout history.  - An intellectual is a person who engages in critical thinking, research, and reflection about the reality of society, and proposes solutions for the normative problems of society, and thus he or she gains authority as a public intellectual. Coming from the world of culture, either as a creator or as a mediator, the intellectual participates in politics, either to defend a concrete proposition or to denounce an injustice, usually by producing or by extending an ideology, and by defending a system of values.  - Sima Tan (c. 165 BC  110 BC) was an early Chinese historian who worked under the Western Han. He studied astronomy with Tang Du, the "I Ching" under Yang He, and Daoism under Master Huang. He held the position of Court Astrologer () between 140-110 BC. While Sima Tan had begun the "Records of the Grand Historian" ("Shiji"), he died before it was finished. It was left to his son, Sima Qian, to complete. The year of Sima Tan's death is the year of the great imperial sacrifice "fengshan" by Han Wudi, for which the emperor appointed the fangshi, leaving Sima behind and thus probably causing him much frustration.  - Mohism or Moism (aka. Mohist School of Logic) was an ancient Chinese philosophy of logic, rational thought and science developed by the academic scholars who studied under the ancient Chinese philosopher Mozi (c. 470 BCc. 391 BC). It evolved at about the same time as Confucianism, Taoism and Legalism, and was one of the four main philosophic schools from around 770221 BC (during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods). During that time, Mohism was seen as a major rival to Confucianism. The administrative thought of Mohism was absorbed by Chinese Legalism and its books were later merged into the Taoist canon, all but disappearing as an independent school of thought.  - The Warring States period was an era in ancient Chinese history following the Spring and Autumn period and concluding with the Qin wars of conquest that saw the annexation of all other contender states, which ultimately led to the Qin state's victory in 221 BC as the first unified Chinese empire known as the Qin dynasty. Although different scholars point toward different dates ranging from 481 BC to 403 BC as the true beginning of the Warring States, Sima Qian's choice of 475 BC is generally the most often cited and popularly accepted one. The Warring States era also overlaps with the second half of the Eastern Zhou dynasty, though the Chinese sovereign, known as the king of Zhou, ruled merely as a figurehead and served as a backdrop against the machinations of the warring states.  - Sima Qian (; c. 145 or 13586 BC), formerly romanized Ssu-ma Chien, was a Chinese historian of the Han dynasty. He is considered the father of Chinese historiography for his "Records of the Grand Historian", a "Jizhuanti"-style (history presented in a series of biographies) general history of China, covering more than two thousand years from the Yellow Emperor to his time, during the reign of Emperor Wu of Han, a work that had much influence for centuries afterwards on history-writing not only in China, but in Korea, Japan and Vietnam as well. Although he worked as the Court Astrologer (Chinese: ; "Tàish Lìng"), later generations refer to him as the Grand Historian (Chinese: ; Tàish Gng or tai-shih-kung) for his monumental work; a work which in later generations would often only be somewhat tacitly or glancingly acknowledged as an achievement only made possible by his acceptance and endurance of punitive actions against him, including imprisonment, castration, and subjection to servility.  - Chinese philosophy originates in the Spring and Autumn period and Warring States period, during a period known as the "Hundred Schools of Thought", which was characterized by significant intellectual and cultural developments. Although much of Chinese philosophy begins in the Warring States period, elements of Chinese philosophy have existed for several thousand years; some can be found in the Yi Jing (the "Book of Changes"), an ancient compendium of divination, which dates back to at least 672 BCE. It was during the Warring States era that what Sima Tan termed the major philosophical schools of China, Confucianism, Legalism, and Daoism, arose, along with philosophies that later fell into obscurity, like Agriculturalism, Mohism, Chinese Naturalism, and the Logicians.  - In politics, a figurehead is a person who holds "de jure" (in name or by law) an important title or office (often supremely powerful), yet "de facto" (in reality) executes little actual power. The metaphor derives from the carved figurehead at the prow of a sailing ship. Commonly cited figureheads include Queen Elizabeth II, who is Queen of sixteen Commonwealth realms and head of the Commonwealth, but has no power over the nations in which she is not head of state and does not exercise power in her own realms on her own initiative. Other figureheads are the Emperor of Japan, the King of Sweden, or presidents in majority of parliamentary republics, such as the President of India, President of Israel, President of Bangladesh, President of Greece, President of Germany, President of Pakistan (starting in 2010), and President of China (without CPC General Secretary and Chairman of CMC posts).    After reading the paragraphs above, choose the best answer for the entity that related to 'gongsun long' with the relationship of 'occupation'.  Choices: - book  - creator  - emperor  - father  - general secretary  - head of state  - historian  - intellectual  - king  - major  - master  - philosopher  - president  - religion  - research  - ruler  - science  - sovereign  - taiwan
The answer is:
philosopher