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44 dataset results for Image Clustering

CIFAR-10 (Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 10 classes)

The CIFAR-10 dataset consists of 60000 32x32 colour images in 10 classes, with 6000 images per class. There are 50000 training images and 10000 test images. The dataset is divided into five training batches and one test batch, each with 10000 images. The test batch contains exactly 1000 randomly-selected images from each class. The training batches contain the remaining images in random order, but some training batches may contain more images from one class than another. Between them, the training batches contain exactly 5000 images from each class.

15,742 PAPERS • 107 BENCHMARKS

ImageNet

The ImageNet dataset contains 14,197,122 annotated images according to the WordNet hierarchy. Since 2010 the dataset is used in the ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC), a benchmark in image classification and object detection. The publicly released dataset contains a set of manually annotated training images. A set of test images is also released, with the manual annotations withheld. ILSVRC annotations fall into one of two categories: (1) image-level annotation of a binary label for the presence or absence of an object class in the image, e.g., “there are cars in this image” but “there are no tigers,” and (2) object-level annotation of a tight bounding box and class label around an object instance in the image, e.g., “there is a screwdriver centered at position (20,25) with width of 50 pixels and height of 30 pixels”. The ImageNet project does not own the copyright of the images, therefore only thumbnails and URLs of images are provided.

15,087 PAPERS • 53 BENCHMARKS

CIFAR-100

The CIFAR-100 dataset (Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, 100 classes) is a subset of the Tiny Images dataset and consists of 60000 32x32 color images. The 100 classes in the CIFAR-100 are grouped into 20 superclasses. There are 600 images per class. Each image comes with a "fine" label (the class to which it belongs) and a "coarse" label (the superclass to which it belongs). There are 500 training images and 100 testing images per class.

8,775 PAPERS • 57 BENCHMARKS

MNIST

The MNIST database (Modified National Institute of Standards and Technology database) is a large collection of handwritten digits. It has a training set of 60,000 examples, and a test set of 10,000 examples. It is a subset of a larger NIST Special Database 3 (digits written by employees of the United States Census Bureau) and Special Database 1 (digits written by high school students) which contain monochrome images of handwritten digits. The digits have been size-normalized and centered in a fixed-size image. The original black and white (bilevel) images from NIST were size normalized to fit in a 20x20 pixel box while preserving their aspect ratio. The resulting images contain grey levels as a result of the anti-aliasing technique used by the normalization algorithm. the images were centered in a 28x28 image by computing the center of mass of the pixels, and translating the image so as to position this point at the center of the 28x28 field.

7,517 PAPERS • 52 BENCHMARKS

KITTI

KITTI (Karlsruhe Institute of Technology and Toyota Technological Institute) is one of the most popular datasets for use in mobile robotics and autonomous driving. It consists of hours of traffic scenarios recorded with a variety of sensor modalities, including high-resolution RGB, grayscale stereo cameras, and a 3D laser scanner. Despite its popularity, the dataset itself does not contain ground truth for semantic segmentation. However, various researchers have manually annotated parts of the dataset to fit their necessities. Álvarez et al. generated ground truth for 323 images from the road detection challenge with three classes: road, vertical, and sky. Zhang et al. annotated 252 (140 for training and 112 for testing) acquisitions – RGB and Velodyne scans – from the tracking challenge for ten object categories: building, sky, road, vegetation, sidewalk, car, pedestrian, cyclist, sign/pole, and fence. Ros et al. labeled 170 training images and 46 testing images (from the visual odome

3,588 PAPERS • 143 BENCHMARKS

Fashion-MNIST

Fashion-MNIST is a dataset comprising of 28×28 grayscale images of 70,000 fashion products from 10 categories, with 7,000 images per category. The training set has 60,000 images and the test set has 10,000 images. Fashion-MNIST shares the same image size, data format and the structure of training and testing splits with the original MNIST.

3,124 PAPERS • 17 BENCHMARKS

CUB-200-2011 (Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011)

The Caltech-UCSD Birds-200-2011 (CUB-200-2011) dataset is the most widely-used dataset for fine-grained visual categorization task. It contains 11,788 images of 200 subcategories belonging to birds, 5,994 for training and 5,794 for testing. Each image has detailed annotations: 1 subcategory label, 15 part locations, 312 binary attributes and 1 bounding box. The textual information comes from Reed et al.. They expand the CUB-200-2011 dataset by collecting fine-grained natural language descriptions. Ten single-sentence descriptions are collected for each image. The natural language descriptions are collected through the Amazon Mechanical Turk (AMT) platform, and are required at least 10 words, without any information of subcategories and actions.

2,198 PAPERS • 50 BENCHMARKS

UCF101 (UCF101 Human Actions dataset)

UCF101 dataset is an extension of UCF50 and consists of 13,320 video clips, which are classified into 101 categories. These 101 categories can be classified into 5 types (Body motion, Human-human interactions, Human-object interactions, Playing musical instruments and Sports). The total length of these video clips is over 27 hours. All the videos are collected from YouTube and have a fixed frame rate of 25 FPS with the resolution of 320 × 240.

1,821 PAPERS • 27 BENCHMARKS

Kinetics (Kinetics Human Action Video Dataset)

The Kinetics dataset is a large-scale, high-quality dataset for human action recognition in videos. The dataset consists of around 500,000 video clips covering 600 human action classes with at least 600 video clips for each action class. Each video clip lasts around 10 seconds and is labeled with a single action class. The videos are collected from YouTube.

1,317 PAPERS • 30 BENCHMARKS

Oxford 102 Flower (102 Category Flower Dataset)

Oxford 102 Flower is an image classification dataset consisting of 102 flower categories. The flowers chosen to be flower commonly occurring in the United Kingdom. Each class consists of between 40 and 258 images.

1,263 PAPERS • 18 BENCHMARKS

Tiny ImageNet

Tiny ImageNet contains 100000 images of 200 classes (500 for each class) downsized to 64×64 colored images. Each class has 500 training images, 50 validation images and 50 test images.

1,178 PAPERS • 8 BENCHMARKS

STL-10 (Self-Taught Learning 10)

The STL-10 is an image dataset derived from ImageNet and popularly used to evaluate algorithms of unsupervised feature learning or self-taught learning. Besides 100,000 unlabeled images, it contains 13,000 labeled images from 10 object classes (such as birds, cats, trucks), among which 5,000 images are partitioned for training while the remaining 8,000 images for testing. All the images are color images with 96×96 pixels in size.

1,071 PAPERS • 18 BENCHMARKS

DTD (Describable Textures Dataset)

The Describable Textures Dataset (DTD) contains 5640 texture images in the wild. They are annotated with human-centric attributes inspired by the perceptual properties of textures.

821 PAPERS • 8 BENCHMARKS

Food-101

The Food-101 dataset consists of 101 food categories with 750 training and 250 test images per category, making a total of 101k images. The labels for the test images have been manually cleaned, while the training set contains some noise.

766 PAPERS • 16 BENCHMARKS

Stanford Cars

The Stanford Cars dataset consists of 196 classes of cars with a total of 16,185 images, taken from the rear. The data is divided into almost a 50-50 train/test split with 8,144 training images and 8,041 testing images. Categories are typically at the level of Make, Model, Year. The images are 360×240.

761 PAPERS • 14 BENCHMARKS

Caltech-101

The Caltech101 dataset contains images from 101 object categories (e.g., “helicopter”, “elephant” and “chair” etc.) and a background category that contains the images not from the 101 object categories. For each object category, there are about 40 to 800 images, while most classes have about 50 images. The resolution of the image is roughly about 300×200 pixels.

683 PAPERS • 10 BENCHMARKS

EuroSAT

Eurosat is a dataset and deep learning benchmark for land use and land cover classification. The dataset is based on Sentinel-2 satellite images covering 13 spectral bands and consisting out of 10 classes with in total 27,000 labeled and geo-referenced images.

639 PAPERS • 8 BENCHMARKS

FGVC-Aircraft

FGVC-Aircraft contains 10,200 images of aircraft, with 100 images for each of 102 different aircraft model variants, most of which are airplanes. The (main) aircraft in each image is annotated with a tight bounding box and a hierarchical airplane model label. Aircraft models are organized in a four-levels hierarchy. The four levels, from finer to coarser, are:

498 PAPERS • 13 BENCHMARKS

USPS

USPS is a digit dataset automatically scanned from envelopes by the U.S. Postal Service containing a total of 9,298 16×16 pixel grayscale samples; the images are centered, normalized and show a broad range of font styles.

449 PAPERS • 4 BENCHMARKS

GTSRB (German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark)

The German Traffic Sign Recognition Benchmark (GTSRB) contains 43 classes of traffic signs, split into 39,209 training images and 12,630 test images. The images have varying light conditions and rich backgrounds.

359 PAPERS • 5 BENCHMARKS

HAR (Human Activity Recognition Using Smartphones)

The Human Activity Recognition Dataset has been collected from 30 subjects performing six different activities (Walking, Walking Upstairs, Walking Downstairs, Sitting, Standing, Laying). It consists of inertial sensor data that was collected using a smartphone carried by the subjects.

300 PAPERS • 3 BENCHMARKS

EMNIST (Extended MNIST)

EMNIST (extended MNIST) has 4 times more data than MNIST. It is a set of handwritten digits with a 28 x 28 format.

263 PAPERS • 10 BENCHMARKS

Extended Yale B

The Extended Yale B database contains 2414 frontal-face images with size 192×168 over 38 subjects and about 64 images per subject. The images were captured under different lighting conditions and various facial expressions.

184 PAPERS • 1 BENCHMARK

Hateful Memes

The Hateful Memes data set is a multimodal dataset for hateful meme detection (image + text) that contains 10,000+ new multimodal examples created by Facebook AI. Images were licensed from Getty Images so that researchers can use the data set to support their work.

172 PAPERS • 3 BENCHMARKS

RESISC45

RESISC45 dataset is a dataset for Remote Sensing Image Scene Classification (RESISC). It contains 31,500 RGB images of size 256×256 divided into 45 scene classes, each class containing 700 images. Among its notable features, RESISC45 contains varying spatial resolution ranging from 20cm to more than 30m/px.

170 PAPERS • 4 BENCHMARKS

FER2013 (Facial Expression Recognition 2013 Dataset)

Fer2013 contains approximately 30,000 facial RGB images of different expressions with size restricted to 48×48, and the main labels of it can be divided into 7 types: 0=Angry, 1=Disgust, 2=Fear, 3=Happy, 4=Sad, 5=Surprise, 6=Neutral. The Disgust expression has the minimal number of images – 600, while other labels have nearly 5,000 samples each.

163 PAPERS • 5 BENCHMARKS

PCam (PatchCamelyon)

PatchCamelyon is an image classification dataset. It consists of 327.680 color images (96 x 96px) extracted from histopathologic scans of lymph node sections. Each image is annotated with a binary label indicating presence of metastatic tissue. PCam provides a new benchmark for machine learning models: bigger than CIFAR10, smaller than ImageNet, trainable on a single GPU.

109 PAPERS • 3 BENCHMARKS

FRGC (Face Recognition Grand Challenge)

The data for FRGC consists of 50,000 recordings divided into training and validation partitions. The training partition is designed for training algorithms and the validation partition is for assessing performance of an approach in a laboratory setting. The validation partition consists of data from 4,003 subject sessions. A subject session is the set of all images of a person taken each time a person's biometric data is collected and consists of four controlled still images, two uncontrolled still images, and one three-dimensional image. The controlled images were taken in a studio setting, are full frontal facial images taken under two lighting conditions and with two facial expressions (smiling and neutral). The uncontrolled images were taken in varying illumination conditions; e.g., hallways, atriums, or outside. Each set of uncontrolled images contains two expressions, smiling and neutral. The 3D image was taken under controlled illumination conditions. The 3D images consist of bo

102 PAPERS • 1 BENCHMARK

Kinetics-700

Kinetics-700 is a video dataset of 650,000 clips that covers 700 human action classes. The videos include human-object interactions such as playing instruments, as well as human-human interactions such as shaking hands and hugging. Each action class has at least 700 video clips. Each clip is annotated with an action class and lasts approximately 10 seconds.

94 PAPERS • 3 BENCHMARKS

Birdsnap

Birdsnap is a large bird dataset consisting of 49,829 images from 500 bird species with 47,386 images used for training and 2,443 images used for testing.

71 PAPERS • 2 BENCHMARKS

Oxford-IIIT Pets

The Oxford-IIIT Pet Dataset is a 37-category pet dataset with roughly 200 images for each class. The images have large variations in scale, pose, and lighting. All images have an associated ground truth annotation of breed, head ROI, and pixel-level trimap segmentation.

55 PAPERS • 10 BENCHMARKS

Stanford Dogs

The Stanford Dogs dataset contains 20,580 images of 120 classes of dogs from around the world, which are divided into 12,000 images for training and 8,580 images for testing.

55 PAPERS • 6 BENCHMARKS

Letter (Letter Recognition Data Set)

Letter Recognition Data Set is a handwritten digit dataset. The task is to identify each of a large number of black-and-white rectangular pixel displays as one of the 26 capital letters in the English alphabet. The character images were based on 20 different fonts and each letter within these 20 fonts was randomly distorted to produce a file of 20,000 unique stimuli. Each stimulus was converted into 16 primitive numerical attributes (statistical moments and edge counts) which were then scaled to fit into a range of integer values from 0 through 15.

49 PAPERS • 2 BENCHMARKS

SUN397

The Scene UNderstanding (SUN) database contains 899 categories and 130,519 images. There are 397 well-sampled categories to evaluate numerous state-of-the-art algorithms for scene recognition.

48 PAPERS • 9 BENCHMARKS

CARS196

CARS196 is composed of 16,185 car images of 196 classes.

42 PAPERS • 4 BENCHMARKS

ImageNet-100 (TEMI Split)

This split was introduced in TEMI (BMVC 2023)

12 PAPERS • 4 BENCHMARKS

Fashion 144K

Fashion 144K is a novel heterogeneous dataset with 144,169 user posts containing diverse image, textual and meta information.

11 PAPERS • NO BENCHMARKS YET

ImageNet-50 (TEMI Split)

The ImageNet-50 dataset split as introduced in TEMI. Adaloglou, Nikolas, Felix Michels, Hamza Kalisch, and Markus Kollmann. "Exploring the Limits of Deep Image Clustering using Pretrained Models." In BMVC. 2023.

4 PAPERS • 1 BENCHMARK

UMIST

The Sheffield (previously UMIST) Face Database consists of 564 images of 20 individuals (mixed race/gender/appearance). Each individual is shown in a range of poses from profile to frontal views – each in a separate directory labelled 1a, 1b, … 1t and images are numbered consecutively as they were taken. The files are all in PGM format, approximately 220 x 220 pixels with 256-bit grey-scale.

3 PAPERS • 1 BENCHMARK

Country211

Country211 is a dataset released by OpenAI, designed to assess the geolocation capability of visual representations. It filters the YFCC100m dataset (Thomee et al., 2016) to find 211 countries (defined as having an ISO-3166 country code) that have at least 300 photos with GPS coordinates. OpenAI built a balanced dataset with 211 categories, by sampling 200 photos for training and 100 photos for testing, for each country.

2 PAPERS • 2 BENCHMARKS

Rendered SST2

The Rendered SST2 dataset is a dataset released by OpenAI, that measures the optical character recognition capability of visual representations. It uses sentences from the Stanford Sentiment Treebank dataset and renders them into images, with black texts on a white background, in a 448×448 resolution.

2 PAPERS • 1 BENCHMARK

Cards

Card is a dataset of playing card images, which consists of 8,029 images with two clusterings, i.e., rank (Ace, King, Queen, etc.) and suits (clubs, diamonds, hearts, spades).

1 PAPER • NO BENCHMARKS YET

NIH 3T3 microtubule cell dataset

The data consists of 21 images of microtubules in PFA-fixed NIH 3T3 mouse embryonic fibroblasts (DSMZ: ACC59) labeled with a mouse anti-alpha-tubulin monoclonal IgG1 antibody (Thermofisher A11126, primary antibody) and visualized by a blue-fluorescent Alexa Fluor 405 goat anti-mouse IgG antibody (Thermofisher A-31553, secondary antibody). Acquisition of the images was performed using a confocal microscope (Olympus IX81).

1 PAPER • NO BENCHMARKS YET

SPOT-10 (Animal Pattern Benchmark Dataset for Machine Learning Algorithms)

The SPOTS-10 dataset is an extensive collection of grayscale images showcasing diverse patterns found in ten animal species. Specifically, SPOTS-10 contains 50,000 32 x 32 grayscale images, divided into ten categories, with 5,000 images per category. The training set comprises 40,000 images, while the test set contains 10,000 images. The SPOTS-10 dataset is freely available on the project GitHub page: https://github.com/amotica/spots-10 by cloning the repository.

1 PAPER • 1 BENCHMARK

Datasets

44 dataset results for Image Clustering