Alternating Direction Method of Multiplier-Based Distributed Planning Model for Natural Gas, Electricity Network, and Regional Integrated Energy Systems

Regional integrated energy system coupling with multienergy devices, energy storage devices, and renewable energy devices has been regarded as one of the most promising solutions for future energy systems. Planning for existing natural gas and electricity network expansion, regional integrated energy system locations, or system equipment types and capacities are urgent problems in infrastructure development. This article employs a joint planning model to address these; however, the joint planning model ignores the potential ownerships by three agents, for which investment decisions are generally made by different investors. In this work, the joint planning model is decomposed into three distributed planning subproblems related to the corresponding stakeholders, and the alternating direction method of multipliers is adopted to solve the tripartite distributed planning problem. The effectiveness of the planning model is verified on an updated version of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 24-bus electric system, the Belgian 20-node natural gas system, and three assumed integrated energy systems. Simulation results illustrate that a distributed planning model is more sensitive to individual load differences, which is precisely the defect of the joint planning model. Moreover, the algorithm performance considering rates of convergence and the impacts of penalty parameters is further analyzed