An $N/D$ study of the $S_{11}$ channel $πN$ scattering amplitude
Extensive dynamical $N/D$ calculations are made in the study of $S_{11}$ channel low energy $\pi$N scatterings, based on various phenomenological model inputs of left cuts at tree level. The subtleties of the singular behavior of the partial wave amplitude at the origin of the complex $s$ plane are carefully analysed. Furthermore, { it is found that the dispersion representation for the phase shift, $\delta$, has to be modified in the case of $\pi $N scatterings. An additional contribution from the dispersion integral exists, which is, however, almost exactly cancelled the contribution from two virtual poles located near the end points of the segment cut induced by $u$ channel nucleon exchanges.} Relying very little on the details of the dynamical inputs, the subthreshold resonance $N^*(890)$ survives.
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