Is Attention always needed? A Case Study on Language Identification from Speech

5 Oct 2021  ยท  Atanu Mandal, Santanu Pal, Indranil Dutta, Mahidas Bhattacharya, Sudip Kumar Naskar ยท

Language Identification (LID) is a crucial preliminary process in the field of Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) that involves the identification of a spoken language from audio samples. Contemporary systems that can process speech in multiple languages require users to expressly designate one or more languages prior to utilization. The LID task assumes a significant role in scenarios where ASR systems are unable to comprehend the spoken language in multilingual settings, leading to unsuccessful speech recognition outcomes. The present study introduces convolutional recurrent neural network (CRNN) based LID, designed to operate on the Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) characteristics of audio samples. Furthermore, we replicate certain state-of-the-art methodologies, specifically the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) and Attention-based Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network (CRNN with attention), and conduct a comparative analysis with our CRNN-based approach. We conducted comprehensive evaluations on thirteen distinct Indian languages and our model resulted in over 98\% classification accuracy. The LID model exhibits high-performance levels ranging from 97% to 100% for languages that are linguistically similar. The proposed LID model exhibits a high degree of extensibility to additional languages and demonstrates a strong resistance to noise, achieving 91.2% accuracy in a noisy setting when applied to a European Language (EU) dataset.

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Datasets


Task Dataset Model Metric Name Metric Value Global Rank Result Benchmark
Spoken language identification IndicTTS CNN Classification Accuracy 0.983 # 3
Spoken language identification IndicTTS CRNN Attention Classification Accuracy 0.987 # 1
Spoken language identification IndicTTS CRNN Classification Accuracy 0.987 # 1
Spoken language identification YouTube News dataset (No Noise) CRNN Accuracy 0.967 # 1
Spoken language identification YouTube News dataset (No Noise) CRNN Attention Accuracy 0.966 # 2
Spoken language identification YouTube News dataset (No Noise) CNN Accuracy 0.948 # 4
Spoken language identification YouTube News dataset (White Noise) CRNN Attention Accuracy 0.888 # 3
Spoken language identification YouTube News dataset (White Noise) CNN Accuracy 0.871 # 4
Spoken language identification YouTube News dataset (White Noise) CRNN Accuracy 0.912 # 1

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