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Found 76 papers, 21 papers with code
Using Context-to-Vector with Graph Retrofitting to Improve Word Embeddings
Although contextualized embeddings generated from large-scale pre-trained models perform well in many tasks, traditional static embeddings (e. g., Skip-gram, Word2Vec) still play an important role in low-resource and lightweight settings due to their low computational cost, ease of deployment, and stability.
Unsupervised Contrastive Learning based Transformer for Lung Nodule Detection
To effectively train the transformer model on a relatively small dataset, the region-based contrastive learning method is used to boost the performance by pre-training the 3D transformer with public CT images.
Multimodal Dual Emotion with Fusion of Visual Sentiment for Rumor Detection
In recent years, rumors have had a devastating impact on society, making rumor detection a significant challenge.
Synergizing Physics/Model-based and Data-driven Methods for Low-Dose CT
Since 2016, deep learning (DL) has advanced tomographic imaging with remarkable successes, especially in low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) imaging.
X-ray Dissectography Improves Lung Nodule Detection
Although radiographs are the most frequently used worldwide due to their cost-effectiveness and widespread accessibility, the structural superposition along the x-ray paths often renders suspicious or concerning lung nodules difficult to detect.
Convolutional Neural Network to Restore Low-Dose Digital Breast Tomosynthesis Projections in a Variance Stabilization Domain
To accurately control the network operation point, in terms of noise and blur of the restored image, we propose a loss function that minimizes the bias and matches residual noise between the input and the output.
Decoupled Mixup for Data-efficient Learning
Mixup is an efficient data augmentation approach that improves the generalization of neural networks by smoothing the decision boundary with mixed data.
SoftDropConnect (SDC) -- Effective and Efficient Quantification of the Network Uncertainty in Deep MR Image Analysis
Recently, deep learning has achieved remarkable successes in medical image analysis.
AI-based Reconstruction for Fast MRI -- A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Compressed sensing (CS) has been playing a key role in accelerating the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition process.
X-ray Dissectography Enables Stereotography to Improve Diagnostic Performance
X-ray imaging is the most popular medical imaging technology.
Phase function estimation from a diffuse optical image via deep learning
The phase function is a key element of a light propagation model for Monte Carlo (MC) simulation, which is usually fitted with an analytic function with associated parameters.
Impact of loss functions on the performance of a deep neural network designed to restore low-dose digital mammography
Results showed that the perceptual loss function (PL4) is able to achieve virtually the same noise levels of a full-dose acquisition, while resulting in smaller signal bias compared to other loss functions.
On Expressivity and Trainability of Quadratic Networks
Despite promising results so far achieved by networks of quadratic neurons, there are important issues not well addressed.
A transformer-based deep learning approach for classifying brain metastases into primary organ sites using clinical whole brain MRI
Treatment decisions for brain metastatic disease rely on knowledge of the primary organ site, and currently made with biopsy and histology.
Debiased Graph Contrastive Learning
We find that many hard negative samples similar to anchor point are false negative ones (samples from the same class as anchor point) in GCL, which is different from CL in computer vision and will lead to unsatisfactory performance of existing hard negative mining techniques in GCL.
Disrupting Adversarial Transferability in Deep Neural Networks
Furthermore, we show how applying a feature correlation loss, which decorrelates the extracted features in a latent space, can reduce the transferability of adversarial attacks between models, suggesting that the models complete tasks in semantically different ways.
Stationary Multi-source AI-powered Real-time Tomography (SMART)
The reconstructed volumetric images convincingly demonstrate the merits of the SMART system using the AI-empowered interior tomography approach, enabling cardiac micro-CT with the unprecedented temporal resolution of 30ms, which is an order of magnitude higher than the state of the art.
Adapting Unsupervised Syntactic Parsing Methodology for Discourse Dependency Parsing
In this paper, we propose a simple yet effective method to adapt unsupervised syntactic dependency parsing methodology for unsupervised discourse dependency parsing.
Cross-modal Attention for MRI and Ultrasound Volume Registration
In the past few years, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been proved powerful in extracting image features crucial for image registration.
AI-Enabled Ultra-Low-Dose CT Reconstruction
By the ALARA (As Low As Reasonably Achievable) principle, ultra-low-dose CT reconstruction is a holy grail to minimize cancer risks and genetic damages, especially for children.
GasHis-Transformer: A Multi-scale Visual Transformer Approach for Gastric Histopathology Image Classification
Finally, a comparative study is performed to test the generalizability with both H&E and immunohistochemical stained images on a lymphoma image dataset and a breast cancer dataset, producing comparable F1-scores (85. 6% and 82. 8%) and accuracies (83. 9% and 89. 4%), respectively.
Task-Oriented Low-Dose CT Image Denoising
The extensive use of medical CT has raised a public concern over the radiation dose to the patient.
Image Synthesis for Data Augmentation in Medical CT using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Deep learning has shown great promise for CT image reconstruction, in particular to enable low dose imaging and integrated diagnostics.
SPICE: Semantic Pseudo-labeling for Image Clustering
In this paper, we present a Semantic Pseudo-labeling-based Image ClustEring (SPICE) framework, which divides the clustering network into a feature model for measuring the instance-level similarity and a clustering head for identifying the cluster-level discrepancy.
Ranked #1 on
Image Clustering
on CIFAR-100
Noise Entangled GAN For Low-Dose CT Simulation
We propose a Noise Entangled GAN (NE-GAN) for simulating low-dose computed tomography (CT) images from a higher dose CT image.
Semi-Supervised Dependency Parsing with Arc-Factored Variational Autoencoding
By relaxing the tree constraint in both the encoder and the decoder during training, we make the learning of our model fully arc-factored and thus circumvent the challenges brought by the tree constraint.
Suppression of Correlated Noise with Similarity-based Unsupervised Deep Learning
Limited by the independent noise assumption, current unsupervised denoising methods cannot process correlated noises as in CT images.
Deep Learning based Spectral CT Imaging
To address the image deblurring problem associated with the $L_2^2$-loss, we propose a general $L_p^p$-loss, $p>0$ Furthermore, the images from different energy bins share similar structures of the same object, the regularization characterizing correlations of different energy bins is incorporated into the $L_p^p$-loss function, which helps unify the deep learning based methods with traditional compressed sensing based methods.
Deep Learning Predicts Cardiovascular Disease Risks from Lung Cancer Screening Low Dose Computed Tomography
Cancer patients have a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality than the general population.
Stabilizing Deep Tomographic Reconstruction
ACID synergizes a deep reconstruction network trained on big data, kernel awareness from CS-inspired processing, and iterative refinement to minimize the data residual relative to real measurement.
Integrative Analysis for COVID-19 Patient Outcome Prediction
Management of high-risk patients with early intervention is a key to lower the fatality rate of COVID-19 pneumonia, as a majority of patients recover naturally.
Low-dimensional Manifold Constrained Disentanglement Network for Metal Artifact Reduction
Deep neural network based methods have achieved promising results for CT metal artifact reduction (MAR), most of which use many synthesized paired images for training.
X-ray Photon-Counting Data Correction through Deep Learning
The simulated PCD data and the ground truth counterparts are then fed to a specially designed deep adversarial network for PCD data correction.
Cine Cardiac MRI Motion Artifact Reduction Using a Recurrent Neural Network
As compared to computed tomography (CT), MRI, however, requires a long scan time, which inevitably induces motion artifacts and causes patients' discomfort.
GATCluster: Self-Supervised Gaussian-Attention Network for Image Clustering
To train the GATCluster in a completely unsupervised manner, we design four self-learning tasks with the constraints of transformation invariance, separability maximization, entropy analysis, and attention mapping.
Quasi-Equivalence of Width and Depth of Neural Networks
While classic studies proved that wide networks allow universal approximation, recent research and successes of deep learning demonstrate the power of deep networks.
On Interpretability of Artificial Neural Networks: A Survey
Deep learning as represented by the artificial deep neural networks (DNNs) has achieved great success in many important areas that deal with text, images, videos, graphs, and so on.
Deep Efficient End-to-end Reconstruction (DEER) Network for Few-view Breast CT Image Reconstruction
Breast CT provides image volumes with isotropic resolution in high contrast, enabling detection of small calcification (down to a few hundred microns in size) and subtle density differences.
Deep Encoder-decoder Adversarial Reconstruction (DEAR) Network for 3D CT from Few-view Data
Few-view CT image reconstruction is one of the main ways to minimize radiation dose and potentially allow a stationary CT architecture.
Multilingual Grammar Induction with Continuous Language Identification
The key to multilingual grammar induction is to couple grammar parameters of different languages together by exploiting the similarity between languages.
Parameter-Transferred Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Network (PT-WGAN) for Low-Dose PET Image Denoising
The contributions of this paper are twofold: i) a PT-WGAN framework is designed to denoise low-dose PET images without compromising structural details, and ii) a task-specific initialization based on transfer learning is developed to train PT-WGAN using trainable parameters transferred from a pretrained model, which significantly improves the training efficiency of PT-WGAN.
Deep-learning-based Breast CT for Radiation Dose Reduction
In this study, we propose a deep-learning-based method to establish a residual neural network model for the image reconstruction, which is applied for few-view breast CT to produce high quality breast CT images.
Multi-Contrast Super-Resolution MRI Through a Progressive Network
Our experimental results demonstrate that the proposed networks can produce MRI super-resolution images with good image quality and outperform other multi-contrast super-resolution methods in terms of structural similarity and peak signal-to-noise ratio.
Simultaneous reconstruction of the initial pressure and sound speed in photoacoustic tomography using a deep-learning approach
Photoacoustic tomography seeks to reconstruct an acoustic initial pressure distribution from the measurement of the ultrasound waveforms.
MRI Super-Resolution with Ensemble Learning and Complementary Priors
Finally, a convolutional neural network is used for ensemble learning that synergizes the outputs of GANs into the final MR super-resolution images.
Dual Network Architecture for Few-view CT -- Trained on ImageNet Data and Transferred for Medical Imaging
Few-view CT image reconstruction is an important topic to reduce the radiation dose.
Knowledge-based Analysis for Mortality Prediction from CT Images
Recent studies have highlighted the high correlation between cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and lung cancer, and both are associated with significant morbidity and mortality.
Quadratic Autoencoder (Q-AE) for Low-dose CT Denoising
Inspired by complexity and diversity of biological neurons, our group proposed quadratic neurons by replacing the inner product in current artificial neurons with a quadratic operation on input data, thereby enhancing the capability of an individual neuron.
Soft Autoencoder and Its Wavelet Adaptation Interpretation
Recently, deep learning becomes the main focus of machine learning research and has greatly impacted many important fields.
Low-Dose CT via Deep CNN with Skip Connection and Network in Network
The use of deep convolutional (Conv) neural networks for noise reduction in Low-Dose CT (LDCT) images has recently shown a great potential in this important application.
On a Sparse Shortcut Topology of Artificial Neural Networks
In this paper, we investigate the expressivity and generalizability of a novel sparse shortcut topology.
Can Deep Learning Outperform Modern Commercial CT Image Reconstruction Methods?
Here we design a novel neural network architecture for low-dose CT (LDCT) and compare it with commercial iterative reconstruction methods used for standard of care CT.
Visual Attention Network for Low Dose CT
Noise and artifacts are intrinsic to low dose CT (LDCT) data acquisition, and will significantly affect the imaging performance.
Shape and Margin-Aware Lung Nodule Classification in Low-dose CT Images via Soft Activation Mapping
Therefore, CAM and Grad-CAM cannot provide optimal interpretation for lung nodule categorization task in low-dose CT images, in that fine-grained pathological clues like discrete and irregular shape and margins of nodules are capable of enhancing sensitivity and specificity of nodule classification with regards to CNN.
Hybrid deep neural networks for all-cause Mortality Prediction from LDCT Images
In this paper, we propose a deep learning based method, which takes both chest LDCT image patches and coronary artery calcification risk scores as input, for direct prediction of mortality risk of lung cancer subjects.
Super-resolution MRI through Deep Learning
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is extensively used for diagnosis and image-guided therapeutics.
Medical Physics
CT Super-resolution GAN Constrained by the Identical, Residual, and Cycle Learning Ensemble(GAN-CIRCLE)
Specifically, with the generative adversarial network (GAN) as the building block, we enforce the cycle-consistency in terms of the Wasserstein distance to establish a nonlinear end-to-end mapping from noisy LR input images to denoised and deblurred HR outputs.
Universal Approximation with Quadratic Deep Networks
(4) To approximate the same class of functions with the same error bound, is a quantized quadratic network able to enjoy a lower number of weights than a quantized conventional network?
Fuzzy Logic Interpretation of Quadratic Networks
Since traditional neural networks and second-order counterparts can represent each other and fuzzy logic operations are naturally implemented in second-order neural networks, it is plausible to explain how a deep neural network works with a second-order network as the system model.
Structure-sensitive Multi-scale Deep Neural Network for Low-Dose CT Denoising
However, the radiation dose reduction compromises the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), leading to strong noise and artifacts that down-grade CT image quality.
3D Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Network for Low-Dose CT via Transfer Learning from a 2D Trained Network
Based on the transfer learning from 2D to 3D, the 3D network converges faster and achieves a better denoising performance than that trained from scratch.
Shamap: Shape-based Manifold Learning
For manifold learning, it is assumed that high-dimensional sample/data points are embedded on a low-dimensional manifold.
Learning from Pseudo-Randomness With an Artificial Neural Network - Does God Play Pseudo-Dice?
Inspired by the fact that the neural network, as the mainstream for machine learning, has brought successes in many application areas, here we propose to use this approach for decoding hidden correlation among pseudo-random data and predicting events accordingly.
General Backpropagation Algorithm for Training Second-order Neural Networks
The artificial neural network is a popular framework in machine learning.
Low Dose CT Image Denoising Using a Generative Adversarial Network with Wasserstein Distance and Perceptual Loss
In this paper, we introduce a new CT image denoising method based on the generative adversarial network (GAN) with Wasserstein distance and perceptual similarity.
LEARN: Learned Experts' Assessment-based Reconstruction Network for Sparse-data CT
Compressive sensing (CS) has proved effective for tomographic reconstruction from sparsely collected data or under-sampled measurements, which are practically important for few-view CT, tomosynthesis, interior tomography, and so on.
A New Type of Neurons for Machine Learning
Here we investigate the possibility of replacing the inner product with a quadratic function of the input vector, thereby upgrading the 1st order neuron to the 2nd order neuron, empowering individual neurons, and facilitating the optimization of neural networks.
CT Image Reconstruction in a Low Dimensional Manifold
In this paper, we propose a CT image reconstruction method based on the prior knowledge of the low-dimensional manifold of CT image.
CT Image Denoising with Perceptive Deep Neural Networks
Reduction of radiation dose associated with CT can increase noise and artifacts, which can adversely affect diagnostic confidence.
Low-Dose CT with a Residual Encoder-Decoder Convolutional Neural Network (RED-CNN)
Given the potential X-ray radiation risk to the patient, low-dose CT has attracted a considerable interest in the medical imaging field.
Deep Learning for the Classification of Lung Nodules
Deep learning, as a promising new area of machine learning, has attracted a rapidly increasing attention in the field of medical imaging.
Low-dose CT denoising with convolutional neural network
To reduce the potential radiation risk, low-dose CT has attracted much attention.
Low-Dose CT via Deep Neural Network
In order to reduce the potential radiation risk, low-dose CT has attracted more and more attention.
Medical Physics
A Perspective on Deep Imaging
The combination of tomographic imaging and deep learning, or machine learning in general, promises to empower not only image analysis but also image reconstruction.
Recognition of convolutional neural network based on CUDA Technology
For the problem whether Graphic Processing Unit(GPU), the stream processor with high performance of floating-point computing is applicable to neural networks, this paper proposes the parallel recognition algorithm of Convolutional Neural Networks(CNNs). It adopts Compute Unified Device Architecture(CUDA)technology, definite the parallel data structures, and describes the mapping mechanism for computing tasks on CUDA.
Dictionary-Learning-Based Reconstruction Method for Electron Tomography
In this paper, we evaluate the EST, ADSIR and an ordered-subset simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (OS-SART), and compare the ES and equally angled (EA) data acquisition modes.
