Search Results for author: Shimon Whiteson

Found 125 papers, 70 papers with code

Rate-Informed Discovery via Bayesian Adaptive Multifidelity Sampling

no code implementations26 Nov 2024 Aman Sinha, Payam Nikdel, Supratik Paul, Shimon Whiteson

Ensuring the safety of autonomous vehicles (AVs) requires both accurate estimation of their performance and efficient discovery of potential failure cases.

Autonomous Vehicles

IGDrivSim: A Benchmark for the Imitation Gap in Autonomous Driving

1 code implementation7 Nov 2024 Clémence Grislain, Risto Vuorio, Cong Lu, Shimon Whiteson

In this work, we introduce \textbf{IGDrivSim}, a benchmark built on top of the Waymax simulator, designed to investigate the effects of the imitation gap in learning autonomous driving policy from human expert demonstrations.

Autonomous Driving Imitation Learning +1

Can Learned Optimization Make Reinforcement Learning Less Difficult?

1 code implementation9 Jul 2024 Alexander David Goldie, Chris Lu, Matthew Thomas Jackson, Shimon Whiteson, Jakob Nicolaus Foerster

While reinforcement learning (RL) holds great potential for decision making in the real world, it suffers from a number of unique difficulties which often need specific consideration.

Decision Making Meta-Learning +3

UniGen: Unified Modeling of Initial Agent States and Trajectories for Generating Autonomous Driving Scenarios

no code implementations6 May 2024 Reza Mahjourian, Rongbing Mu, Valerii Likhosherstov, Paul Mougin, Xiukun Huang, Joao Messias, Shimon Whiteson

This paper introduces UniGen, a novel approach to generating new traffic scenarios for evaluating and improving autonomous driving software through simulation.

Autonomous Driving Position

Policy-Guided Diffusion

1 code implementation9 Apr 2024 Matthew Thomas Jackson, Michael Tryfan Matthews, Cong Lu, Benjamin Ellis, Shimon Whiteson, Jakob Foerster

Our approach provides an effective alternative to autoregressive offline world models, opening the door to the controllable generation of synthetic training data.

SplAgger: Split Aggregation for Meta-Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation5 Mar 2024 Jacob Beck, Matthew Jackson, Risto Vuorio, Zheng Xiong, Shimon Whiteson

However, it remains unclear whether task inference sequence models are beneficial even when task inference objectives are not.

continuous-control Continuous Control +4

Distilling Morphology-Conditioned Hypernetworks for Efficient Universal Morphology Control

1 code implementation9 Feb 2024 Zheng Xiong, Risto Vuorio, Jacob Beck, Matthieu Zimmer, Kun Shao, Shimon Whiteson

Learning a universal policy across different robot morphologies can significantly improve learning efficiency and enable zero-shot generalization to unseen morphologies.

Zero-shot Generalization

Discovering Temporally-Aware Reinforcement Learning Algorithms

1 code implementation8 Feb 2024 Matthew Thomas Jackson, Chris Lu, Louis Kirsch, Robert Tjarko Lange, Shimon Whiteson, Jakob Nicolaus Foerster

We propose a simple augmentation to two existing objective discovery approaches that allows the discovered algorithm to dynamically update its objective function throughout the agent's training procedure, resulting in expressive schedules and increased generalization across different training horizons.

Meta-Learning reinforcement-learning +1

Recurrent Hypernetworks are Surprisingly Strong in Meta-RL

1 code implementation NeurIPS 2023 Jacob Beck, Risto Vuorio, Zheng Xiong, Shimon Whiteson

While many specialized meta-RL methods have been proposed, recent work suggests that end-to-end learning in conjunction with an off-the-shelf sequential model, such as a recurrent network, is a surprisingly strong baseline.

Deep Reinforcement Learning Few-Shot Learning +1

Hierarchical Imitation Learning for Stochastic Environments

no code implementations25 Sep 2023 Maximilian Igl, Punit Shah, Paul Mougin, Sirish Srinivasan, Tarun Gupta, Brandyn White, Kyriacos Shiarlis, Shimon Whiteson

However, such methods are often inappropriate for stochastic environments where the agent must also react to external factors: because agent types are inferred from the observed future trajectory during training, these environments require that the contributions of internal and external factors to the agent behaviour are disentangled and only internal factors, i. e., those under the agent's control, are encoded in the type.

Autonomous Vehicles Imitation Learning

Bayesian Exploration Networks

no code implementations24 Aug 2023 Mattie Fellows, Brandon Kaplowitz, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Shimon Whiteson

In this paper, we introduce a novel Bayesian model-free formulation and the first analysis showing that model-free approaches can yield Bayes-optimal policies.

Decision Making Decision Making Under Uncertainty +5

Cheap Talk Discovery and Utilization in Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

no code implementations19 Mar 2023 Yat Long Lo, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Samuel Sokota, Jakob Nicolaus Foerster, Shimon Whiteson

By enabling agents to communicate, recent cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) methods have demonstrated better task performance and more coordinated behavior.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning reinforcement-learning +2

Why Target Networks Stabilise Temporal Difference Methods

no code implementations24 Feb 2023 Mattie Fellows, Matthew J. A. Smith, Shimon Whiteson

Integral to recent successes in deep reinforcement learning has been a class of temporal difference methods that use infrequently updated target values for policy evaluation in a Markov Decision Process.

Deep Reinforcement Learning

Universal Morphology Control via Contextual Modulation

1 code implementation22 Feb 2023 Zheng Xiong, Jacob Beck, Shimon Whiteson

Learning a universal policy across different robot morphologies can significantly improve learning efficiency and generalization in continuous control.

continuous-control Continuous Control

Trust-Region-Free Policy Optimization for Stochastic Policies

no code implementations15 Feb 2023 Mingfei Sun, Benjamin Ellis, Anuj Mahajan, Sam Devlin, Katja Hofmann, Shimon Whiteson

In this paper, we show that the trust region constraint over policies can be safely substituted by a trust-region-free constraint without compromising the underlying monotonic improvement guarantee.

A Survey of Meta-Reinforcement Learning

no code implementations19 Jan 2023 Jacob Beck, Risto Vuorio, Evan Zheran Liu, Zheng Xiong, Luisa Zintgraf, Chelsea Finn, Shimon Whiteson

Meta-RL is most commonly studied in a problem setting where, given a distribution of tasks, the goal is to learn a policy that is capable of adapting to any new task from the task distribution with as little data as possible.

Deep Reinforcement Learning Meta Reinforcement Learning +3

Imitation Is Not Enough: Robustifying Imitation with Reinforcement Learning for Challenging Driving Scenarios

no code implementations21 Dec 2022 Yiren Lu, Justin Fu, George Tucker, Xinlei Pan, Eli Bronstein, Rebecca Roelofs, Benjamin Sapp, Brandyn White, Aleksandra Faust, Shimon Whiteson, Dragomir Anguelov, Sergey Levine

To our knowledge, this is the first application of a combined imitation and reinforcement learning approach in autonomous driving that utilizes large amounts of real-world human driving data.

Autonomous Driving Imitation Learning +3

Particle-Based Score Estimation for State Space Model Learning in Autonomous Driving

no code implementations14 Dec 2022 Angad Singh, Omar Makhlouf, Maximilian Igl, Joao Messias, Arnaud Doucet, Shimon Whiteson

Recent methods addressing this problem typically differentiate through time in a particle filter, which requires workarounds to the non-differentiable resampling step, that yield biased or high variance gradient estimates.

Autonomous Driving

Embedding Synthetic Off-Policy Experience for Autonomous Driving via Zero-Shot Curricula

no code implementations2 Dec 2022 Eli Bronstein, Sirish Srinivasan, Supratik Paul, Aman Sinha, Matthew O'Kelly, Payam Nikdel, Shimon Whiteson

However, this approach produces agents that do not perform robustly in safety-critical settings, an issue that cannot be addressed by simply adding more data to the training set - we show that an agent trained using only a 10% subset of the data performs just as well as an agent trained on the entire dataset.

Autonomous Driving Imitation Learning +1

Equivariant Networks for Zero-Shot Coordination

1 code implementation21 Oct 2022 Darius Muglich, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Elise van der Pol, Shimon Whiteson, Jakob Foerster

Successful coordination in Dec-POMDPs requires agents to adopt robust strategies and interpretable styles of play for their partner.

Hypernetworks in Meta-Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation20 Oct 2022 Jacob Beck, Matthew Thomas Jackson, Risto Vuorio, Shimon Whiteson

In this paper, we 1) show that hypernetwork initialization is also a critical factor in meta-RL, and that naive initializations yield poor performance; 2) propose a novel hypernetwork initialization scheme that matches or exceeds the performance of a state-of-the-art approach proposed for supervised settings, as well as being simpler and more general; and 3) use this method to show that hypernetworks can improve performance in meta-RL by evaluating on multiple simulated robotics benchmarks.

Meta Reinforcement Learning reinforcement-learning +2

An Investigation of the Bias-Variance Tradeoff in Meta-Gradients

1 code implementation22 Sep 2022 Risto Vuorio, Jacob Beck, Shimon Whiteson, Jakob Foerster, Gregory Farquhar

Meta-gradients provide a general approach for optimizing the meta-parameters of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms.

Meta-Learning Reinforcement Learning (RL)

Generalized Beliefs for Cooperative AI

no code implementations26 Jun 2022 Darius Muglich, Luisa Zintgraf, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Shimon Whiteson, Jakob Foerster

Self-play is a common paradigm for constructing solutions in Markov games that can yield optimal policies in collaborative settings.

You May Not Need Ratio Clipping in PPO

no code implementations31 Jan 2022 Mingfei Sun, Vitaly Kurin, Guoqing Liu, Sam Devlin, Tao Qin, Katja Hofmann, Shimon Whiteson

Furthermore, we show that ESPO can be easily scaled up to distributed training with many workers, delivering strong performance as well.

continuous-control Continuous Control

Generalization in Cooperative Multi-Agent Systems

no code implementations31 Jan 2022 Anuj Mahajan, Mikayel Samvelyan, Tarun Gupta, Benjamin Ellis, Mingfei Sun, Tim Rocktäschel, Shimon Whiteson

Specifically, we study generalization bounds under a linear dependence of the underlying dynamics on the agent capabilities, which can be seen as a generalization of Successor Features to MAS.

Generalization Bounds Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning

Trust Region Bounds for Decentralized PPO Under Non-stationarity

no code implementations31 Jan 2022 Mingfei Sun, Sam Devlin, Jacob Beck, Katja Hofmann, Shimon Whiteson

We present trust region bounds for optimizing decentralized policies in cooperative Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL), which holds even when the transition dynamics are non-stationary.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning

In Defense of the Unitary Scalarization for Deep Multi-Task Learning

1 code implementation11 Jan 2022 Vitaly Kurin, Alessandro De Palma, Ilya Kostrikov, Shimon Whiteson, M. Pawan Kumar

We show that unitary scalarization, coupled with standard regularization and stabilization techniques from single-task learning, matches or improves upon the performance of complex multi-task optimizers in popular supervised and reinforcement learning settings.

Multi-Task Learning Reinforcement Learning (RL)

On the Practical Consistency of Meta-Reinforcement Learning Algorithms

no code implementations1 Dec 2021 Zheng Xiong, Luisa Zintgraf, Jacob Beck, Risto Vuorio, Shimon Whiteson

We further find that theoretically inconsistent algorithms can be made consistent by continuing to update all agent components on the OOD tasks, and adapt as well or better than originally consistent ones.

Meta-Learning Meta Reinforcement Learning +4

Regularized Softmax Deep Multi-Agent Q-Learning

1 code implementation NeurIPS 2021 Ling Pan, Tabish Rashid, Bei Peng, Longbo Huang, Shimon Whiteson

Tackling overestimation in $Q$-learning is an important problem that has been extensively studied in single-agent reinforcement learning, but has received comparatively little attention in the multi-agent setting.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Q-Learning +5

Reinforcement Learning in Factored Action Spaces using Tensor Decompositions

no code implementations27 Oct 2021 Anuj Mahajan, Mikayel Samvelyan, Lei Mao, Viktor Makoviychuk, Animesh Garg, Jean Kossaifi, Shimon Whiteson, Yuke Zhu, Animashree Anandkumar

We present an extended abstract for the previously published work TESSERACT [Mahajan et al., 2021], which proposes a novel solution for Reinforcement Learning (RL) in large, factored action spaces using tensor decompositions.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning reinforcement-learning +2

Stability and Generalisation in Batch Reinforcement Learning

no code implementations29 Sep 2021 Matthew J. A. Smith, Shimon Whiteson

Overfitting has been recently acknowledged as a key limiting factor in the capabilities of reinforcement learning algorithms, despite little theoretical characterisation.

reinforcement-learning Reinforcement Learning +1

Truncated Emphatic Temporal Difference Methods for Prediction and Control

1 code implementation11 Aug 2021 Shangtong Zhang, Shimon Whiteson

Despite the theoretical success of emphatic TD methods in addressing the notorious deadly triad of off-policy RL, there are still two open problems.

Reinforcement Learning (RL)

Communicating via Markov Decision Processes

1 code implementation17 Jul 2021 Samuel Sokota, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Maximilian Igl, Luisa Zintgraf, Philip Torr, Martin Strohmeier, J. Zico Kolter, Shimon Whiteson, Jakob Foerster

We contribute a theoretically grounded approach to MCGs based on maximum entropy reinforcement learning and minimum entropy coupling that we call MEME.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning

Bayesian Bellman Operators

no code implementations NeurIPS 2021 Matthew Fellows, Kristian Hartikainen, Shimon Whiteson

We introduce a novel perspective on Bayesian reinforcement learning (RL); whereas existing approaches infer a posterior over the transition distribution or Q-function, we characterise the uncertainty in the Bellman operator.

continuous-control Continuous Control +1

Tesseract: Tensorised Actors for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

no code implementations31 May 2021 Anuj Mahajan, Mikayel Samvelyan, Lei Mao, Viktor Makoviychuk, Animesh Garg, Jean Kossaifi, Shimon Whiteson, Yuke Zhu, Animashree Anandkumar

Algorithms derived from Tesseract decompose the Q-tensor across agents and utilise low-rank tensor approximations to model agent interactions relevant to the task.

Learning Theory Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning +4

Semi-On-Policy Training for Sample Efficient Multi-Agent Policy Gradients

no code implementations27 Apr 2021 Bozhidar Vasilev, Tarun Gupta, Bei Peng, Shimon Whiteson

Policy gradient methods are an attractive approach to multi-agent reinforcement learning problems due to their convergence properties and robustness in partially observable scenarios.

Policy Gradient Methods Reinforcement Learning (RL) +2

Regularized Softmax Deep Multi-Agent $Q$-Learning

no code implementations22 Mar 2021 Ling Pan, Tabish Rashid, Bei Peng, Longbo Huang, Shimon Whiteson

Tackling overestimation in $Q$-learning is an important problem that has been extensively studied in single-agent reinforcement learning, but has received comparatively little attention in the multi-agent setting.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Q-Learning +5

Snowflake: Scaling GNNs to High-Dimensional Continuous Control via Parameter Freezing

1 code implementation NeurIPS 2021 Charlie Blake, Vitaly Kurin, Maximilian Igl, Shimon Whiteson

Recent research has shown that graph neural networks (GNNs) can learn policies for locomotion control that are as effective as a typical multi-layer perceptron (MLP), with superior transfer and multi-task performance (Wang et al., 2018; Huang et al., 2020).

continuous-control Continuous Control +1

Breaking the Deadly Triad with a Target Network

1 code implementation21 Jan 2021 Shangtong Zhang, Hengshuai Yao, Shimon Whiteson

The deadly triad refers to the instability of a reinforcement learning algorithm when it employs off-policy learning, function approximation, and bootstrapping simultaneously.

Q-Learning

Average-Reward Off-Policy Policy Evaluation with Function Approximation

1 code implementation8 Jan 2021 Shangtong Zhang, Yi Wan, Richard S. Sutton, Shimon Whiteson

We consider off-policy policy evaluation with function approximation (FA) in average-reward MDPs, where the goal is to estimate both the reward rate and the differential value function.

Can Q-Learning with Graph Networks Learn a Generalizable Branching Heuristic for a SAT Solver?

1 code implementation NeurIPS 2020 Vitaly Kurin, Saad Godil, Shimon Whiteson, Bryan Catanzaro

While more work is needed to apply Graph-Q-SAT to reduce wall clock time in modern SAT solving settings, it is a compelling proof-of-concept showing that RL equipped with Graph Neural Networks can learn a generalizable branching heuristic for SAT search.

Feature Engineering Q-Learning +1

Is Independent Learning All You Need in the StarCraft Multi-Agent Challenge?

7 code implementations18 Nov 2020 Christian Schroeder de Witt, Tarun Gupta, Denys Makoviichuk, Viktor Makoviychuk, Philip H. S. Torr, Mingfei Sun, Shimon Whiteson

Most recently developed approaches to cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning in the \emph{centralized training with decentralized execution} setting involve estimating a centralized, joint value function.

reinforcement-learning Reinforcement Learning (RL) +2

UneVEn: Universal Value Exploration for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

no code implementations6 Oct 2020 Tarun Gupta, Anuj Mahajan, Bei Peng, Wendelin Böhmer, Shimon Whiteson

VDN and QMIX are two popular value-based algorithms for cooperative MARL that learn a centralized action value function as a monotonic mixing of per-agent utilities.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning reinforcement-learning +4

RODE: Learning Roles to Decompose Multi-Agent Tasks

2 code implementations ICLR 2021 Tonghan Wang, Tarun Gupta, Anuj Mahajan, Bei Peng, Shimon Whiteson, Chongjie Zhang

Learning a role selector based on action effects makes role discovery much easier because it forms a bi-level learning hierarchy -- the role selector searches in a smaller role space and at a lower temporal resolution, while role policies learn in significantly reduced primitive action-observation spaces.

Clustering Starcraft +1

A Deeper Look at Discounting Mismatch in Actor-Critic Algorithms

1 code implementation2 Oct 2020 Shangtong Zhang, Romain Laroche, Harm van Seijen, Shimon Whiteson, Remi Tachet des Combes

In the second scenario, we consider optimizing a discounted objective ($\gamma < 1$) and propose to interpret the omission of the discounting in the actor update from an auxiliary task perspective and provide supporting empirical results.

Representation Learning

Exploration in Approximate Hyper-State Space for Meta Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation2 Oct 2020 Luisa Zintgraf, Leo Feng, Cong Lu, Maximilian Igl, Kristian Hartikainen, Katja Hofmann, Shimon Whiteson

To rapidly learn a new task, it is often essential for agents to explore efficiently -- especially when performance matters from the first timestep.

Meta-Learning Meta Reinforcement Learning +3

Exploiting Submodular Value Functions For Scaling Up Active Perception

no code implementations21 Sep 2020 Yash Satsangi, Shimon Whiteson, Frans A. Oliehoek, Matthijs T. J. Spaan

Furthermore, we show that, under certain conditions, including submodularity, the value function computed using greedy PBVI is guaranteed to have bounded error with respect to the optimal value function.

WordCraft: An Environment for Benchmarking Commonsense Agents

1 code implementation ICML Workshop LaReL 2020 Minqi Jiang, Jelena Luketina, Nantas Nardelli, Pasquale Minervini, Philip H. S. Torr, Shimon Whiteson, Tim Rocktäschel

This is partly due to the lack of lightweight simulation environments that sufficiently reflect the semantics of the real world and provide knowledge sources grounded with respect to observations in an RL environment.

Benchmarking Knowledge Graphs +2

Weighted QMIX: Expanding Monotonic Value Function Factorisation for Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

4 code implementations NeurIPS 2020 Tabish Rashid, Gregory Farquhar, Bei Peng, Shimon Whiteson

We show in particular that this projection can fail to recover the optimal policy even with access to $Q^*$, which primarily stems from the equal weighting placed on each joint action.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Q-Learning +3

Randomized Entity-wise Factorization for Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

2 code implementations7 Jun 2020 Shariq Iqbal, Christian A. Schroeder de Witt, Bei Peng, Wendelin Böhmer, Shimon Whiteson, Fei Sha

Multi-agent settings in the real world often involve tasks with varying types and quantities of agents and non-agent entities; however, common patterns of behavior often emerge among these agents/entities.

counterfactual Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning +4

Maximizing Information Gain in Partially Observable Environments via Prediction Reward

no code implementations11 May 2020 Yash Satsangi, Sungsu Lim, Shimon Whiteson, Frans Oliehoek, Martha White

Information gathering in a partially observable environment can be formulated as a reinforcement learning (RL), problem where the reward depends on the agent's uncertainty.

Question Answering Reinforcement Learning (RL)

Mean-Variance Policy Iteration for Risk-Averse Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation22 Apr 2020 Shangtong Zhang, Bo Liu, Shimon Whiteson

We present a mean-variance policy iteration (MVPI) framework for risk-averse control in a discounted infinite horizon MDP optimizing the variance of a per-step reward random variable.

reinforcement-learning Reinforcement Learning +1

Monotonic Value Function Factorisation for Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation19 Mar 2020 Tabish Rashid, Mikayel Samvelyan, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Gregory Farquhar, Jakob Foerster, Shimon Whiteson

At the same time, it is often possible to train the agents in a centralised fashion where global state information is available and communication constraints are lifted.

reinforcement-learning Reinforcement Learning +3

FACMAC: Factored Multi-Agent Centralised Policy Gradients

3 code implementations NeurIPS 2021 Bei Peng, Tabish Rashid, Christian A. Schroeder de Witt, Pierre-Alexandre Kamienny, Philip H. S. Torr, Wendelin Böhmer, Shimon Whiteson

We propose FACtored Multi-Agent Centralised policy gradients (FACMAC), a new method for cooperative multi-agent reinforcement learning in both discrete and continuous action spaces.

Q-Learning Reinforcement Learning +3

GradientDICE: Rethinking Generalized Offline Estimation of Stationary Values

1 code implementation ICML 2020 Shangtong Zhang, Bo Liu, Shimon Whiteson

Namely, the optimization problem in GenDICE is not a convex-concave saddle-point problem once nonlinearity in optimization variable parameterization is introduced to ensure positivity, so any primal-dual algorithm is not guaranteed to converge or find the desired solution.

Reinforcement Learning

Fast Efficient Hyperparameter Tuning for Policy Gradient Methods

1 code implementation NeurIPS 2019 Supratik Paul, Vitaly Kurin, Shimon Whiteson

The main idea is to use existing trajectories sampled by the policy gradient method to optimise a one-step improvement objective, yielding a sample and computationally efficient algorithm that is easy to implement.

Policy Gradient Methods

VIABLE: Fast Adaptation via Backpropagating Learned Loss

no code implementations29 Nov 2019 Leo Feng, Luisa Zintgraf, Bei Peng, Shimon Whiteson

In few-shot learning, typically, the loss function which is applied at test time is the one we are ultimately interested in minimising, such as the mean-squared-error loss for a regression problem.

Few-Shot Learning regression

Provably Convergent Two-Timescale Off-Policy Actor-Critic with Function Approximation

1 code implementation ICML 2020 Shangtong Zhang, Bo Liu, Hengshuai Yao, Shimon Whiteson

With the help of the emphasis critic and the canonical value function critic, we show convergence for COF-PAC, where the critics are linear and the actor can be nonlinear.

Vocal Bursts Valence Prediction

Deep Coordination Graphs

2 code implementations ICML 2020 Wendelin Böhmer, Vitaly Kurin, Shimon Whiteson

This paper introduces the deep coordination graph (DCG) for collaborative multi-agent reinforcement learning.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Q-Learning +5

Can $Q$-Learning with Graph Networks Learn a Generalizable Branching Heuristic for a SAT Solver?

2 code implementations26 Sep 2019 Vitaly Kurin, Saad Godil, Shimon Whiteson, Bryan Catanzaro

While more work is needed to apply Graph-$Q$-SAT to reduce wall clock time in modern SAT solving settings, it is a compelling proof-of-concept showing that RL equipped with Graph Neural Networks can learn a generalizable branching heuristic for SAT search.

Feature Engineering Q-Learning +2

Improving SAT Solver Heuristics with Graph Networks and Reinforcement Learning

no code implementations25 Sep 2019 Vitaly Kurin, Saad Godil, Shimon Whiteson, Bryan Catanzaro

We present GQSAT, a branching heuristic in a Boolean SAT solver trained with value-based reinforcement learning (RL) using Graph Neural Networks for function approximation.

Feature Engineering reinforcement-learning +2

Loaded DiCE: Trading off Bias and Variance in Any-Order Score Function Estimators for Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation23 Sep 2019 Gregory Farquhar, Shimon Whiteson, Jakob Foerster

Gradient-based methods for optimisation of objectives in stochastic settings with unknown or intractable dynamics require estimators of derivatives.

continuous-control Continuous Control +4

Growing Action Spaces

1 code implementation ICML 2020 Gregory Farquhar, Laura Gustafson, Zeming Lin, Shimon Whiteson, Nicolas Usunier, Gabriel Synnaeve

In complex tasks, such as those with large combinatorial action spaces, random exploration may be too inefficient to achieve meaningful learning progress.

reinforcement-learning Reinforcement Learning +2

A Survey of Reinforcement Learning Informed by Natural Language

no code implementations10 Jun 2019 Jelena Luketina, Nantas Nardelli, Gregory Farquhar, Jakob Foerster, Jacob Andreas, Edward Grefenstette, Shimon Whiteson, Tim Rocktäschel

To be successful in real-world tasks, Reinforcement Learning (RL) needs to exploit the compositional, relational, and hierarchical structure of the world, and learn to transfer it to the task at hand.

Decision Making Instruction Following +7

Deep Residual Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation3 May 2019 Shangtong Zhang, Wendelin Boehmer, Shimon Whiteson

We revisit residual algorithms in both model-free and model-based reinforcement learning settings.

Model-based Reinforcement Learning reinforcement-learning +2

Multitask Soft Option Learning

1 code implementation1 Apr 2019 Maximilian Igl, Andrew Gambardella, Jinke He, Nantas Nardelli, N. Siddharth, Wendelin Böhmer, Shimon Whiteson

We present Multitask Soft Option Learning(MSOL), a hierarchical multitask framework based on Planning as Inference.

Transfer Learning

Generalized Off-Policy Actor-Critic

1 code implementation NeurIPS 2019 Shangtong Zhang, Wendelin Boehmer, Shimon Whiteson

We propose a new objective, the counterfactual objective, unifying existing objectives for off-policy policy gradient algorithms in the continuing reinforcement learning (RL) setting.

counterfactual reinforcement-learning +2

Fast Efficient Hyperparameter Tuning for Policy Gradients

1 code implementation18 Feb 2019 Supratik Paul, Vitaly Kurin, Shimon Whiteson

The main idea is to use existing trajectories sampled by the policy gradient method to optimise a one-step improvement objective, yielding a sample and computationally efficient algorithm that is easy to implement.

Meta-Learning Policy Gradient Methods

Stable Opponent Shaping in Differentiable Games

no code implementations ICLR 2019 Alistair Letcher, Jakob Foerster, David Balduzzi, Tim Rocktäschel, Shimon Whiteson

A growing number of learning methods are actually differentiable games whose players optimise multiple, interdependent objectives in parallel -- from GANs and intrinsic curiosity to multi-agent RL.

Learning from Demonstration in the Wild

no code implementations8 Nov 2018 Feryal Behbahani, Kyriacos Shiarlis, Xi Chen, Vitaly Kurin, Sudhanshu Kasewa, Ciprian Stirbu, João Gomes, Supratik Paul, Frans A. Oliehoek, João Messias, Shimon Whiteson

Learning from demonstration (LfD) is useful in settings where hand-coding behaviour or a reward function is impractical.

Bayesian Action Decoder for Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation4 Nov 2018 Jakob N. Foerster, Francis Song, Edward Hughes, Neil Burch, Iain Dunning, Shimon Whiteson, Matthew Botvinick, Michael Bowling

We present the Bayesian action decoder (BAD), a new multi-agent learning method that uses an approximate Bayesian update to obtain a public belief that conditions on the actions taken by all agents in the environment.

Decoder Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning +4

VIREL: A Variational Inference Framework for Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation NeurIPS 2019 Matthew Fellows, Anuj Mahajan, Tim G. J. Rudner, Shimon Whiteson

This gives VIREL a mode-seeking form of KL divergence, the ability to learn deterministic optimal polices naturally from inference and the ability to optimise value functions and policies in separate, iterative steps.

reinforcement-learning Reinforcement Learning +2

Fast Context Adaptation via Meta-Learning

1 code implementation8 Oct 2018 Luisa M. Zintgraf, Kyriacos Shiarlis, Vitaly Kurin, Katja Hofmann, Shimon Whiteson

We propose CAVIA for meta-learning, a simple extension to MAML that is less prone to meta-overfitting, easier to parallelise, and more interpretable.

General Classification Meta-Learning +4

CAML: Fast Context Adaptation via Meta-Learning

no code implementations27 Sep 2018 Luisa M Zintgraf, Kyriacos Shiarlis, Vitaly Kurin, Katja Hofmann, Shimon Whiteson

We propose CAML, a meta-learning method for fast adaptation that partitions the model parameters into two parts: context parameters that serve as additional input to the model and are adapted on individual tasks, and shared parameters that are meta-trained and shared across tasks.

Meta-Learning

DiCE: The Infinitely Differentiable Monte Carlo Estimator

1 code implementation ICML 2018 Jakob Foerster, Gregory Farquhar, Maruan Al-Shedivat, Tim Rocktäschel, Eric Xing, Shimon Whiteson

Lastly, to match the first-order gradient under differentiation, SL treats part of the cost as a fixed sample, which we show leads to missing and wrong terms for estimators of higher-order derivatives.

Meta-Learning Reinforcement Learning

Deep Variational Reinforcement Learning for POMDPs

1 code implementation ICML 2018 Maximilian Igl, Luisa Zintgraf, Tuan Anh Le, Frank Wood, Shimon Whiteson

Many real-world sequential decision making problems are partially observable by nature, and the environment model is typically unknown.

Decision Making Inductive Bias +4

Fingerprint Policy Optimisation for Robust Reinforcement Learning

no code implementations27 May 2018 Supratik Paul, Michael A. Osborne, Shimon Whiteson

Policy gradient methods ignore the potential value of adjusting environment variables: unobservable state features that are randomly determined by the environment in a physical setting, but are controllable in a simulator.

Bayesian Optimisation Continuous Control +4

QMIX: Monotonic Value Function Factorisation for Deep Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning

16 code implementations ICML 2018 Tabish Rashid, Mikayel Samvelyan, Christian Schroeder de Witt, Gregory Farquhar, Jakob Foerster, Shimon Whiteson

At the same time, it is often possible to train the agents in a centralised fashion in a simulated or laboratory setting, where global state information is available and communication constraints are lifted.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning reinforcement-learning +5

TACO: Learning Task Decomposition via Temporal Alignment for Control

1 code implementation ICML 2018 Kyriacos Shiarlis, Markus Wulfmeier, Sasha Salter, Shimon Whiteson, Ingmar Posner

Many advanced Learning from Demonstration (LfD) methods consider the decomposition of complex, real-world tasks into simpler sub-tasks.

DiCE: The Infinitely Differentiable Monte-Carlo Estimator

5 code implementations14 Feb 2018 Jakob Foerster, Gregory Farquhar, Maruan Al-Shedivat, Tim Rocktäschel, Eric P. Xing, Shimon Whiteson

Lastly, to match the first-order gradient under differentiation, SL treats part of the cost as a fixed sample, which we show leads to missing and wrong terms for estimators of higher-order derivatives.

Meta-Learning Reinforcement Learning

Expected Policy Gradients for Reinforcement Learning

no code implementations10 Jan 2018 Kamil Ciosek, Shimon Whiteson

For Gaussian policies, we introduce an exploration method that uses covariance proportional to the matrix exponential of the scaled Hessian of the critic with respect to the actions.

Policy Gradient Methods reinforcement-learning +2

Dynamic-Depth Context Tree Weighting

no code implementations NeurIPS 2017 Joao V. Messias, Shimon Whiteson

Reinforcement learning (RL) in partially observable settings is challenging because the agent’s observations are not Markov.

Reinforcement Learning Reinforcement Learning (RL) +2

TreeQN and ATreeC: Differentiable Tree-Structured Models for Deep Reinforcement Learning

1 code implementation ICLR 2018 Gregory Farquhar, Tim Rocktäschel, Maximilian Igl, Shimon Whiteson

To address these challenges, we propose TreeQN, a differentiable, recursive, tree-structured model that serves as a drop-in replacement for any value function network in deep RL with discrete actions.

Atari Games Deep Reinforcement Learning +3

Learning with Opponent-Learning Awareness

6 code implementations13 Sep 2017 Jakob N. Foerster, Richard Y. Chen, Maruan Al-Shedivat, Shimon Whiteson, Pieter Abbeel, Igor Mordatch

We also show that the LOLA update rule can be efficiently calculated using an extension of the policy gradient estimator, making the method suitable for model-free RL.

Multi-agent Reinforcement Learning Reinforcement Learning

Expected Policy Gradients

no code implementations15 Jun 2017 Kamil Ciosek, Shimon Whiteson

We propose expected policy gradients (EPG), which unify stochastic policy gradients (SPG) and deterministic policy gradients (DPG) for reinforcement learning.

Reinforcement Learning

Counterfactual Multi-Agent Policy Gradients

6 code implementations24 May 2017 Jakob Foerster, Gregory Farquhar, Triantafyllos Afouras, Nantas Nardelli, Shimon Whiteson

COMA uses a centralised critic to estimate the Q-function and decentralised actors to optimise the agents' policies.

Autonomous Vehicles counterfactual +3

Multi-Objective Deep Reinforcement Learning

2 code implementations9 Oct 2016 Hossam Mossalam, Yannis M. Assael, Diederik M. Roijers, Shimon Whiteson

We propose Deep Optimistic Linear Support Learning (DOL) to solve high-dimensional multi-objective decision problems where the relative importances of the objectives are not known a priori.

Deep Reinforcement Learning Multi-Objective Reinforcement Learning +1

Alternating Optimisation and Quadrature for Robust Control

no code implementations24 May 2016 Supratik Paul, Konstantinos Chatzilygeroudis, Kamil Ciosek, Jean-Baptiste Mouret, Michael A. Osborne, Shimon Whiteson

ALOQ is robust to the presence of significant rare events, which may not be observable under random sampling, but play a substantial role in determining the optimal policy.

Bayesian Optimisation Reinforcement Learning

Learning to Communicate to Solve Riddles with Deep Distributed Recurrent Q-Networks

no code implementations8 Feb 2016 Jakob N. Foerster, Yannis M. Assael, Nando de Freitas, Shimon Whiteson

We propose deep distributed recurrent Q-networks (DDRQN), which enable teams of agents to learn to solve communication-based coordination tasks.

Deep Reinforcement Learning reinforcement-learning +1

Copeland Dueling Bandits

no code implementations NeurIPS 2015 Masrour Zoghi, Zohar Karnin, Shimon Whiteson, Maarten de Rijke

A version of the dueling bandit problem is addressed in which a Condorcet winner may not exist.

Incremental Clustering and Expansion for Faster Optimal Planning in Dec-POMDPs

no code implementations4 Feb 2014 Frans Adriaan Oliehoek, Matthijs T. J. Spaan, Christopher Amato, Shimon Whiteson

We provide theoretical guarantees that, when a suitable heuristic is used, both incremental clustering and incremental expansion yield algorithms that are both complete and search equivalent.

Clustering

Relative Upper Confidence Bound for the K-Armed Dueling Bandit Problem

no code implementations12 Dec 2013 Masrour Zoghi, Shimon Whiteson, Remi Munos, Maarten de Rijke

This paper proposes a new method for the K-armed dueling bandit problem, a variation on the regular K-armed bandit problem that offers only relative feedback about pairs of arms.

Information Retrieval Retrieval

Exploiting Agent and Type Independence in Collaborative Graphical Bayesian Games

no code implementations1 Aug 2011 Frans A. Oliehoek, Shimon Whiteson, Matthijs T. J. Spaan

Such problems can be modeled as collaborative Bayesian games in which each agent receives private information in the form of its type.

Decision Making Vocal Bursts Type Prediction

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