Towards new forms of particle sensing and manipulation and 3D imaging on a smartphone for healthcare applications

Close to half of the world population have smartphones, while a typical flagship smartphone today has been integrated with more than 20 smart components and sensors, making a smartphone a highly integrated platform that can potentially mimic the five senses of humans. Recent advancement in achieving high compactness, high performance computing, high flexibility, and multiplexed functionality in smartphones have enabled them for many cutting-edge healthcare applications, such as single-molecule imaging, medical diagnosis, and biosensing, which were conventionally done with bulky and sophisticated devices. Most of the current healthcare applications are developed based on using the photon-sensitive components, such as CMOS sensors, flash & fill lights, lens modules, and LED lights in the screen, leaving the rest of the smart and high-performance sensors rarely explored. In this Perspective, we review recent progresses in advanced sensors in modern smartphones and discuss how those sensors have great, as yet unmet, promise to offer widespread and easy-to-implement solutions to many emerging healthcare applications, including nanoscale sensing, point-of-care testing, pollution monitoring, etc.