TNDDR: Efficient and doubly robust estimation of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness under the test-negative design

1 code implementation • 6 Oct 2023 • Cong Jiang, Denis Talbot, Sara Carazo, Mireille E Schnitzer

While the test-negative design (TND), which is routinely used for monitoring seasonal flu vaccine effectiveness (VE), has recently become integral to COVID-19 vaccine surveillance, it is susceptible to selection bias due to outcome-dependent sampling.

Selection bias