On unsupervised-supervised risk and one-class neural networks

Most unsupervised neural networks training methods concern generative models, deep clustering, pretraining or some form of representation learning. We rather deal in this work with unsupervised training of the final classification stage of a standard deep learning stack, with a focus on two types of methods: unsupervised-supervised risk approximations and one-class models. We derive a new analytical solution for the former and identify and analyze its similarity with the latter. We apply and validate the proposed approach on multiple experimental conditions, in particular on four challenging recent Natural Language Processing tasks as well as on an anomaly detection task, where it improves over state-of-the-art models.