Universal Morpho-Syntactic Parsing and the Contribution of Lexica: Analyzing the ONLP Lab Submission to the CoNLL 2018 Shared Task

We present the contribution of the ONLP lab at the Open University of Israel to the UD shared task on multilingual parsing from raw text to Universal Dependencies. Our contribution is based on a transition-based parser called {`}yap {--} yet another parser{'}, which includes a standalone morphological model, a standalone dependency model, and a joint morphosyntactic model. In the task we used \textit{yap}{`}s standalone dependency parser to parse input morphologically disambiguated by UDPipe, and obtained the official score of 58.35 LAS. In our follow up investigation we use yap to show how the incorporation of morphological and lexical resources may improve the performance of end-to-end raw-to-dependencies parsing in the case of a \textit{morphologically-rich} and \textit{low-resource} language, Modern Hebrew. Our results on Hebrew underscore the importance of CoNLL-UL, a UD-compatible standard for accessing external lexical resources, for enhancing end-to-end UD parsing, in particular for morphologically rich and low-resource languages. We thus encourage the community to create, convert, or make available more such lexica in future tasks.